29/30 Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

interconnect cortical areas within the same hemisphere

Answer 1

ASSOCIATION FIbers

Arcuate Fasciculus /cingulum

Question 2

interconnect cortical areas between the two hemispheres

Answer 2

COMMISSURAL Fibers

corpus callosum and anterior commissure

Question 3

interconnect the cortex with subcortical areas; these fibers are in the corona radiata and bundled together in the internal capsule

Answer 3

PROJECTION fibers

Question 4

Main output neuron in cerebral cortex =

Answer 4

PYRAMIDAL Cells

Question 5

tiny interneurons /// receptive cells of cerebral cortex

Answer 5

GRANULE/STELLATE Cells

Question 6

The cerebral cortex is divided into

Answer 6

Allocortex and Neocortex

Question 7

the MOST PRIMITIVE cortex; only in 3 layers =

located in primary olfactory cortex (UNCUS) / hippocampal formation

Answer 7

ALLOCORTEX

Question 8

6 layered cortex, close association with thalamus

Answer 8

NEOCORTEX

Question 9

The Neocortex has HOMOtypical/HETEROtypical cortex:
There are TWO types of HETEROtypical cortex

Answer 9

GRANULAR and AGRANULAR

Question 10

What type of heterotypical cortex is present in the PRIMARY SENSORY Areas

Answer 10

GRANULAR

less pyramidal

Question 11

which heterotypical cortex is present in the primary MOTOR cortex

Has the MOST PYRAMIDAL CELLS

Answer 11

AGRANULAR heterotypical cortex

Question 12

The areas of the cortex with the MOST granular cells:

Answer 12

Primary Somatosensory
Primary Auditory
primary visual

Question 13

primary motor or sensory regions that receive input from specific relay nuclei of the thalamus; lesions here result in weakness or diminished sensation

Answer 13

primary cortical areas

Question 14

motor planning, judgment, cognition, language, behavior

Answer 14

PREFRONTAL Cortex

Question 15

emotion and memoty

Answer 15

LIMBIC Association cortex

Question 16

in most people, which hemisphere is DOMINANT

Answer 16

LEFT

Question 17

TOUCHY FEELY LOBE

Answer 17

PARIETAL LOBE

Question 18

What cortex is located in the postcentral gyrus and the posterior portion of the paracentral lobule

Answer 18

PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

Question 19

damage to what cortex causes CONTRALATERAL LOSS OF DISCRIMINATIVE SENSES

Answer 19

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Question 20

Damage results in a CONTRALATERAL loss of discriminative sensations from the face, hand, arm and trunk if what area is damaged

Answer 20

POSTCENTRAL Gyrus

Question 21

Damage results in a CONTRALATERAL Loss of discriminative sensations from the LEG/FOOT if what area is damaged

Answer 21

Paracentral lobule

Question 22

Damage to the somatosensory Association cortex results in

Answer 22

TACTILE AGNOSIA

Question 23

inability to recognize an object by shape or texture

Answer 23

astereognosis

Question 24

Agnosia Apraxia, and Aphasia are associated with damage to

Answer 24

ASSOCIATION cortex

Question 25

is located in the supramarginal and angular gyrus

Answer 25

Inferior Parietal lobule

Question 26

pt neglects half of their own body (usually left) and surroundings; fails to recognize objects in their left visual field

Answer 26

Neglect/Parietal lobe Syndrome | Non Dominant hemisphere DAMAGED (usually right side)

Question 27

Damage to the DOMINANT hemisphere (usually Left) of the inferior parietal lobule (angular gyrus) can result in

Answer 27

GERSTMANNS SYndrome | right left confusion, finger agnosia, acalculia, agraphia

Question 28

damage to the entire primary motor cortex results

Answer 28

contralateral UMN weakness or paralysis of the body (hemiplegia)

Question 29

damage to the paracentral lobule

Answer 29

contralateral UMN weakness of the leg & foot

Question 30

precentral gyrus damage

Answer 30

contralateral UMN weakness of lower face, hand, arm, and trunk

Question 31

**damage on one side results in a central hearing deficit causing difficulty recognizing the distance and direction from which sounds are coming (especially in the ear contralateral to the lesion)**

Answer 31

primary auditory cortex | bilateral damage results in cortical deafness

Question 32

Damage to the dominant hemisphere of auditory assoiation cortex results in

Answer 32

WERINCKES APHASIA | loss of language comprehension

Question 33

**bilateral damage to the hippocampus results in the inability to consolidate**

Answer 33

short into long-term memory

Question 34

major language areas of the cerebral cortex are Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area; both receive blood from

Answer 34

middle cerebral artery

Question 35

extensive lesions of the dominant hemisphere so both Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are damaged; complete loss of language ability

Answer 35

** global aphasia**