28: Liver, Pancreas, Large Intestine

Question 1

falciform ligament

Answer 1

separates right and left liver lobes

Question 2

bile caniculi

Answer 2

where bile is elaborated

Question 3

kupffer cells

Answer 3

housekeeping of liver

Question 4

gluconeogenesis

Answer 4

turn amino acids and triglycerides into glucose

Question 5

glycogenesis

Answer 5

turns excess glocose into glycogen to store in liver temporarily

Question 6

glycogenolysis

Answer 6

turns glycogen back into glucose as needed

Question 7

liver function in carb metabolism

Answer 7

glycogengenesis
glycogenesis
glycogenolysis

Question 8

liver function in lipid metabolism

Answer 8

synth cholesterol
synth lipoproteins (transport FAs and cholestoral)
store fat
break down fatty acids

Question 9

liver function in protein metabolusm

Answer 9

demaination
transamination
convert resulting toxic ammonia into urea for excretion
symth plasma proteins for clotting and immune system

Question 10

deamination

Answer 10

remove NH2 (amine group) from amino acids so whats left is used as NRG

Question 11

transamination

Answer 11

convets one AA to another

Question 12

Other liver functions

Answer 12

detox blood
remove bilirubin
relase bile salt
store fat sol vits
store iron, copper, B12
phagocytosis of old blood cells
activate vit D

Question 13

pacnreatic secretions

Answer 13

secretin

CCk

Question 14

secretin

Answer 14

acidity in intestine –> inc sodium bicarb release

Question 15

CCK

Answer 15

fats and proteins cause inc digestive enzyme release

Question 16

pancreatic juice composition

Answer 16

1.5 quarts/day pH 7.1-8.2
water, enzymes, sodium bicarb
pancreatic amylase, lipase
proteases
riboneclease and deoxyribonuclease

Question 17

riboneclease and deoxyribonuclease

Answer 17

to digest nucleic acids from cells

Question 18

pancreatic proteases

Answer 18

trypsinogen: activated by brush border enzyme
chymotrypsiongen: activated by trypsin
procarboxyoeotidase: activated by trypsin
protease: activated by trypsin
trypsin inhibitor: combines with trypsin

Question 19

gastroilial reflex

Answer 19

stomach full, gastrin hormone relaxes ileocecal sphincter so SI will empty into LI

Question 20

gastrocolic reflex

Answer 20

stomach fills, strong persitalic wave moves contents of transverse colon to rectum

Question 21

how LI moves stuff

Answer 21

smooth muscle for digestion

haustra churing to move to next pouch

Question 22

bacteria and LI

Answer 22

bacteria ferment undigested carbs into CO2 and methan case. undigested protens into simpler things

Question 23

insoluble fiber

Answer 23

really good one
woody parst of plats
speed up transit time

Question 24

soluble fiber

Answer 24

gel like

lower bad cholesterol by preventing reabs of bile salts so cholesterol can make more bile instead of cause probs

Question 25

defecation

Answer 25

gastrocolic relflex moves feces to rectum
stretch receptors signal sacral spinal cord
Parasymp nerves contract muscles of rectumand relax internal sphincter
external sphincter: voluntary control