25: Digestion Histology and Upper GI Tract

Question 1

central nervous system

Answer 1

somatic
autonomic
enteric

receptors and sensory and motor neurons in all

Question 2

GI tract gets feed back from:

Answer 2

autonomic motor neurons that give info to involuntary enteric motor neurons

Question 3

enteric neurons on enteric plexus effect (involuntary)

Answer 3

smooth muscle
glands
endocrine cells of GI tract

Question 4

enteric sensory receptors and neurons

Answer 4

in GI tract

get feedback from NS and enteric neurons

Question 5

autonomic motor neurons (involuntary) feed into

Answer 5

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
glands

Question 6

ENS

Answer 6

a part of PNS?

Question 7

Myenteric plexus

Answer 7

branches and connects with motor neurons

longitudinal and circular smooth muscle tissues in muscularis

Question 8

submucosal plexus

Answer 8

effects mucosal epithelium

Question 9

mucosal epithelium feeds back to (nervous system)

Answer 9

submucosal plexus
myenteric plexus
ANS and CNS neurons

Question 10

plexus associated with submucosa

Answer 10

meisnesner’s plexus
part of enteric NS
recieves imput from sympathetic (thoraic and lumbar spinal cord) and parasymp neurons
regulates blood vessle diameter, secretions from glands, local motillity

Question 11

plexus associated with muscularis layer

Answer 11

myenteric plexus
part of ENS. shares some functions with sumucosal plexus
parasymp and symp innervation of circular and longitudinal muscle layers (smooth)

Question 12

Salivary gands: important ones

Answer 12

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

Question 13

all salivary glands

Answer 13

have ducts that empty into oral cavity

fear and anxiety: dry mouth (dec salivation)

Question 14

saliva components and functions

Answer 14

water, 
HCO3 (buffer)
enzymes
lysozyme (destroy bacteria)
disoolve and moisten food
protects from infection

Question 15

swallowing phases

Answer 15

Voluntary: oral cavity to orophanyx
Involuntary:
paryngeal stage
esophageal stage

Question 16

word for swallowing

Answer 16

deglutition

pushing of food bolus with tongue

Question 17

paryngeal stage

Answer 17

sensory nerves in pharnyx
breathing stops
soft palate and uvula rise
vocal cords adduct
larnyx rises
epiglottis covers larynx

Question 18

esophogeal stage

Answer 18

swallowing
upper esopho. sphrinxter relaxes
peristalsis pushes food down
long. fibers contract to shorten travel distance
lower sphincter relazes when food approches