28 & 29 - Cancer Treatment Strategies Flashcards
smallest detectable tumor (size and num cells)
1 cm, 10^9 cells
chemotherapeutic agents work by _____ kinetics, so they kill a constant ____
first order, fraction of cells
ECOG
performance status of the patient - basically how well/functional they are. important prognostic factor
ABVD
adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine
combo chemo for advanced Hodgkin’s dz
adjuvant chemo
use of chemo after surgery to eradicate micrometastatic tumor and prevent relapse
neoadjuvant chemo
use of chemo before surgery to make inoperable tumor into operable one > potentially curative surgery
chemical mediators and treatment of nausea/vomiting due to chemo
acute: serotonin > tx w/ ondansetron
delayed: neurokinin-1 > tx w/ aprepicet
bone marrow suppression in chemo - order of cells affected
WBCs > platelets > RBCs
tx for bone marrow suppression in chemo
G-CSF
chemo drug assoc w/ cardiotoxicity
adriamycin
chemo drug assoc w/ pulm fibrosis
bleomycin
chemo drug assoc w/ nephrotoxicity
cisplatin
chemo drug assoc w/ peripheral neuropathy
vinca alkaloids, taxanes, platinum compounds
chemo drug assoc w/ hemorrhagic cystitis
cyclophosphamide
chemo drug assoc w/ cirrhosis
methotrexate
why is interferon useful for cancer treatment?
anti-proliferative, immunogenic
why is IL2 useful for cancer treatment?
enhances NK cell activity
rituximab
anti CD20 > targets B cells
used in B cell lymphoma
trastuzumab (herceptin)
anti HER-2/Neu (growth factor expressed in ~30% breast CA)
can cause dilated cardiomyopathy (usually reversible)
ATRA
all trans retinoic acid
used for AML M3 (APL)
promotes differentiation of promyelocytes to mature myeloid cells, preventing DIC from chemo
imatinib (gleevec)
inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase
inhib proliferation and induces apoptosis in BCR-ABL pos cells in Philadelphia pos CML
also used in GI stromal tumors
imatinib toxicities
fluid retention/edema
GI irritaiton
hematological tox - neutropenia, thromobcytopenia
hepatotox
