2.8 Flashcards
Define cell
Basic structure and functional unit of life
Tissue
Collection of cells that carry out a specific function
Differentation
Cell or tissue specialization
Adhesion
Cells sticking to nearby cells
Morphology
Form and structure of organism
Simple multicellularity
- Reproductive and somatic cells
- Adhesive molecules to maintain unified structures
- Limited signaling and sharing of resources
Complex Mc
- Reproductive, somatic and other complex cells
- Adhesive molecules to maintain structure
- Organized signaling and resource sharing
4. Tissue differentiation and program cell death
Apoptosis
Programmed cell 
Convergent evolution
When we have traits shared by an organism when they do not have a common ancestor
What are the six groups that complex MC evolved from
- Green algae
- Land plants
3. Brown algae - Fungi
- Red algae
6. animals
Where are complex multicellularity and simple multicellularity found in what cells?
- Complex Mc only in eukaryotes
- Simple Mc prokaryotes
Diffusion
Things move from a high concentration to a low concentration to eventually even out
- exchanging with the environment through diffusion
How does complex mc and simple mc obtain energy
- Complex mc use adhered molecules and cell differentiation (eukaryotes)
- Simple MC  go through diffusion which are prokaryotes
Why cant eukaryotes diffuse for energy?
- in complex MC a diffusion does not provide enough oxygen for the cells to survive and keep the metabolic process from continuing
- diffusion is too slow and can’t exchange fast enough
-diffusion limit organism size bc not enough nutrients to provide for the large size
How do you complex MC transport oxygen?
Bulk transport- transports nutrients to the cells in bulk
What is responsible for bulk transport
Respiratory and circulatory system
Circulatory system
Takes oxygen throughout the body to the cell
Respiratory system
Takes in oxygen
Vascular plant transport
Responsible for bringing H2O and phloem which are ion sugars does the plant use up the root
What are our eukaryotes doing with O2 and CO2
They are taking in O2 and releasing CO2
What are the two basic requirements from MC
- Cell to cell adhesion to form a unit made of more than one cell
- Cell to cell communication
In cell communication
-All cells have transmembrane proteins that send signals from environment
-in complex MC organisms have microscopic passageways across cell walls/ membrane 
What are the three junctions to keep only animal cells together?
- Tight junctions
- Anchoring junctions
3. Gap junctions
Tight junctions
They prevent leakage
