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physical science > 27.3 > Flashcards

27.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Infiltration

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

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2
Q

Define Water table

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone.

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3
Q

Define Aquifer

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space.

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4
Q

Define porosity

A

The percentage of the material’s total volume that is pore space.

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5
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is salt water?

A

97%

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6
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?

A

3%

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7
Q

Where is the majority of freshwater found?

A

Glaciers

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8
Q

Where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?

A

lakes,rivers, and ground water

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9
Q

What is precipitation?

A

When water vapor cools and condenses

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10
Q

What is runoff?

A

Water runs off the land surface

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11
Q

What is infiltration?

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes ground water below the surface.

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12
Q

What is transpiration?

A

When plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

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13
Q

What evaporation?

A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

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14
Q

What is condensation?

A

When water vapor collide with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets

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15
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

The process in which water

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16
Q

What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

Below the surface a porous area where water easily passes through

17
Q

What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

Beneath the saturated zone, where water completely fill the pore space

18
Q

What is a water table

A

The top layer of the saturated zone.The more permeable the material is the easier water can infiltrate through the ground

19
Q

What does it mean if a sediment is permeable?

A

It means that water can easily pass through.What is an aquifer?

20
Q

What is a aquifer?

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space.

21
Q

What is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?

A

Ogallala Aquifer

22
Q

How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?

A

8 states

23
Q

What are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through?

A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas

24
Q

What is an aquitard?

A

Keeps water confined.

25
Q

How are water springs formed?

A

They form where the water table naturally meets Earth’s surface

26
Q

What is an artesian well?

A

Wells drilled into a pressurized aquifers

27
Q

What is a cone of depression?

A

The direction that the water flows is directed down toward the well, creating a cone of depression.

physical science (13 decks)

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