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Physical Science > 27.1 > Flashcards

27.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is weathering?

A

the breakdown of materials on Earth’s surface

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2
Q

Do rocks weather at the same rate?

A

no rock formation weathers at different rates because it depends on rock type and landscape.

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3
Q

What are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

A

rock type and landscape

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4
Q

What are the two types of weathering?

A

Mechanical weathering and Chemical weathering

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5
Q

What type of change happens with mechanical weathering?

A

physical changes

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6
Q

What type of change happens with chemical weathering?

A

chemical changes

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7
Q

What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

A

frost wedging
biological activity
collusion

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8
Q

What causes frost wedging?

A

water collects in the cracks of rocks and then freezes

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9
Q

What is the cycle called during frost wedging?

A

Freeze-Thaw-Cycles

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10
Q

What causes biological activity?

A

plant and animal activity

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11
Q

What causes weathering during collisions?

A

when rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers

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12
Q

What is soil?

A

is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water and air that is capable of supporting life. The material from which soil forms are called parent material.

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13
Q

What is parent material?

A
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14
Q

What are soil horizons?

A

are different layers of soil.

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15
Q

How many soil horizons are there?

A

6

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16
Q

True or False. All soils contain every soil horizon.

A

False

17
Q

What are the specific soil horizons?

A 
O 
A
E
B
C
R
18
Q

What does the first soil horizon contain?

A

Organic material

19
Q

What is the second horizon mostly made up of?

A

Mostly Minerals

20
Q

Which of the layer does leaching occur?

A

Horizon E

21
Q

Which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?

A

Horizon B

22
Q

Which layer is partially weathered bedrock?

A

Horizon C

23
Q

Which layer is unweathered bedrock?

A

Horizon R

24
Q

Which soil horizon make up the topsoil?

A

O and A

25
Q

Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

A

E and B

26
Q

Which horizons make up the true soil?

A

O A E and B

Physical Science (22 decks)

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