2.7 Genetic Control Of Metabolism Flashcards
What techniques can improve the strain of a microorganism?
Exposure to UV light, radiation or mutagenic chemicals results in mutations, some which may produce and improved strain of microorganism
What is a vector?
A vector is a DNA molecule used to carry foreign genetic information into another cell
What does recombinant DNA technology involve as vectors?
Both plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as vectors during DNA recombinant technology
Why are artificial chromosomes preferable to plasmids as vectors?
When larger fragments of foreign DNA are required to be inserted artificial chromosomes are preferable to plasmids as vectors
What do restriction endonucleases do?
Restriction endonucleases cut open plasmids and specific genes leaving sticky ends
When are complementary sticky ends produced?
When the same restriction endonucleases is used to cut open the plasmid and the gene from the chromosome
What does ligase do?
Ligase seals the gene into the plasmid
What are restriction sites?
Restriction sites contain target sequences of DNA where specific restriction endonucleases cut
What do regulatory sequences do?
Regulatory sequences control gene expression
What does the origin of replication allow?
The origin of replication allows self replication of the plasmid/artificial chromosome
What do selectable markers do?
Protect the microorganism from an antibiotic induced hat would normally kill it or prevent it from growing
What do selectable marker genes present in the vector ensure?
That only microorganisms that have taken up the vector grow in the presence of the antibiotic
Why are recombinant yeast cells preferable?
Recombinant yeast cells may be used instead of plant or animal recombinant DNA expressed in bacterial may result in the polypeptides being incorrectly folded
