2.7 Exchange And Transport

Question 0

Ratio=

Answer 0

Area/volume

Question 1

Exchange

Answer 1

For survival, materials absorbed and waste removed (gases, nutrients, urea, heat)

Question 2

Specialised surfaces

Answer 2

Increase area, reduce pathway, constant gradient

Question 3

Single called organisms

Answer 3

Diffuse gases through semi permeable cell wall

Question 4

Insects

Answer 4

Waterproof/small area

Trachae system sends oxygen to resourcing tissues, spiracles that are valve controlled control this

Question 5

Fish

Answer 5

Gills with lamellae increase area, countercurrent flow make sure maximum oxygen is always absorbed

Question 6

Plants

Answer 6

Diffusion gradients maintained by chloroplasts and mitochondria, leaves and stomata

Question 7

Large organisms

Answer 7

Need mass transport. Specialised transport system depends on ratio, activity or organism. Need a medium, closed system and moving mechanism

Question 8

Artery

Answer 8

Blood away from heart to arteriolar

Question 9

Arteriolar

Answer 9

Control blood flow from artery to capillary

Question 10

Capillary

Answer 10

Link arteriolar to veins

Question 11

Veins

Answer 11

Carry blood from capillary to heart

Question 12

Artery structure

Answer 12

Muscle to control volume, elastic to keep pressure, thick to withstand pressure

Question 13

Arteriole structure

Answer 13

Thicket muscle to control flow into capillaries

Question 14

Vein structure

Answer 14

Thin wall and valves

Question 15

Capillary function

Answer 15

Very thin for exchange and highly branched with narrow lumens

Question 16

Tissue fluid

Answer 16

Exchange substances between blood and cells

Question 17

Root hair cells

Answer 17

Lower water potential than soil so absorbs water

Question 18

Apoplastic

Answer 18

Water drawn in through endothermal cells and cohesive properties draw in more water along cell wall

Question 19

Symplastic

Answer 19

Across the cytoplasm as a result of osmosis