2.6 transport systems in animals

Question 1

three main parts of blood

Answer 1

plasma - liquid part of blood
red blood cells- involved with transport of oxygen
white blood cells- part of immune system

Question 2

main substances transported in blood

Answer 2

oxygen
co2
glucose
amino acids

Question 3

two main parts of blood that are involved in transport of substances

Answer 3

in plasma and in red blood cells

Question 4

3 specials features of a red blood cell

Answer 4

Bicon cave shape
haemoglobin
no nucleus

Question 5

specialised features of red blood cells relate to their function in transporting oxygen

Answer 5

bicon cave shape- specefic shape creates maximum surface area for transport of oxygen
no nucleus- lack of nucleus increases the space available for red blood cells to transport oxygen
haemoglobin- protein that binds specific to oxygen molecules

Question 6

role of haemoglobin in the transport of oxygen

Answer 6

binds to oxygen entering blood stream to form a chemical called oxyhaemoglobin this happens inside the capillaries in the lungs the oxyhaemoglobin then transports it’s oxygen through bloodstream before releasing this oxygen to respiring body cells and returning to the form of haemoglobin

haemoglobin + oxygen -» in lung tissue -» oxyhaemoglobin

dull red -&laquo_space;in body tissues «- bright red

Question 7

pathogen

Answer 7

a disease causing organism eg bacteria and viruses

Question 8

i can name the body system white blood cells are part of and it’s function

Answer 8

part of immune system while blood cells are involved in the destruction of pathogens that invade the body

Question 9

two types of white blood cells

Answer 9

phagocytes - carry phagocytosis to engulf and digest pathogens
lynphocytes- produce antibodies that bind to pathogen

Question 10

process of phagocytes

Answer 10

phagocyte wraps itself around its invading pathogen trapping the pathogen inside a membrane package thsi is call engulfing. The phagocyte then releases digestive enzymes into membrane package to destroy the pathogen this is called digestion

Question 11

what type of chemical are antibodies made odd

Answer 11

protein specefic shapes complementary to it’s specefic pathogen target

Question 12

four chambers of heart

Answer 12

left atrium
right ventricle
right atrium
left ventricle

Question 13

differences of thickness of walls of the ventricles in heart

Answer 13

left wall is always thicker as blood is pumped further by left hand side of heart so ventricle muscle needs to be stronger than the right hand side of heart. the left hand side pushed blood to whole of the rest of body whereas the right hand side only push it to lungs

Question 14

locatuon and function of valves in heart

Answer 14

right atrium and right ventricle
left atrium and left ventricle
right ventricle and the pulmanory artery
left ventricle and aorta

function of valves is they prevent back flow of blood during and between heartbeats

Question 15

four main blood vessels entering and leaving heary

Answer 15

1. blood enters left atrium via pulmonary veins from lungs
2. blood leaves left ventricle via the aorta
3. blood enters the right atrium via the vena cava coming back through body
4. blood leaves the right ventricle via the pulmonary artery to travel to lungs

Question 16

blood vessels responsible for delivering blood to heart muscles

Answer 16

coronary arteries these branch of the aorta carrying oxygenated blood to supplu the cells of heart muscle with oxygen and glucose for respiration

Question 17

blood flow

Answer 17

blood oxygenated is travel through lungs when oxygenated blood leaves lungs it travels on the pulmonary vein and is carried into left atrium of heart blood then flows from left atrium to left ventricle and is pumped out of left ventricle into aorta which supplies the oxygenated blood to the body tissues the body tissues carry out respiration using up oxygen producing carob dioxide. The blood is now deoxygenated and ur rest ur from body tissues to heart in vena cabs the veins cava delivers blood into rifht atrium blood then flows from right atrium to right ventricle before being pumped out of heart into pullmanary artery the pulmonary artery carries the deoxygenated blood up to the lungs where the blood becomes oxygenated again

Question 18

three main types of blood vessels

Answer 18

arteries
capillaries
veins
l

Question 19

function of three main types of blood vessels

Answer 19

arteries - carry blood away from heart
capillaries - allow exchange of materials
veins- carry blood back to heart

Question 20

feature of blood vessels

Answer 20

artery - thickest muscular walls narrow central channel carry blood under highest pressure
capilary- thinnest walls one cell thick and narrowest channel
vein - a thinner walls than arteries and wide central channel carry blood under lowest pressures have valves to prevent back flow of blood