2.6 Seed dispersal and germination

Question 1

_ is an adaptive mechanism of plants that ensures seed will be separated from the parent plants distributed over a large area to safeguard the germination and survival of the seeds to adult plants, thereby minimizing overcrowding at one place.

Answer 1

Seed dispersal

Question 2

_ fruits that have seeds in them can be ingested by birds and due to hard seed coats, the seeds escape digestion and are dropped at a distance upon defecation.

Answer 2

Fleshy

Question 3

The life of a flowering plant starts with a _ that stays dormant until the essential conditions for active growth are fulfilled.

Answer 3

tiny seed embryo

Question 4

The resumption of active growth of the embryo after a period of dormancy is known as _.

Answer 4

germination

Question 5

There are three essential conditions for seed germination:

Answer 5

Water (moisture), Oxygen ( Aeration), Temperature (warmth)

Question 6

Water is important for the germinating seed because the hydration of the seed coat increases its permeability to _.

Answer 6

O2

Question 7

_ is essential for the enzymatic hydrolysis of organic food and acts as an agent of transport in the translocation of soluble substances.

Answer 7

Water

Question 8

_ is necessary for aerobic respiration by which the seeds get energy for the growth of the embryo.

Answer 8

Oxygen

Question 9

Seeds require optimum temperature for _.

Answer 9

germination

Question 10

_ covers all the processes that occur from the time that seed embryo starts growth up to the formation of young independent plant with photosynthetic leaves.

Answer 10

Seed germination

Question 11

With more and more nourishment from the food stored in _ and _, the tiny embryo grows more.

Answer 11

cotyledon and endosperm

Question 12

The outward sign of growth is a radicle that develops from the _.

Answer 12

hypocotyl

Question 13

_ is the first to come out of the seed and grow down to the soil as the primary root.

Answer 13

Radicle

Question 14

The _ is essential for anchorage and access to water and nutrients from the soil

Answer 14

root

Question 15

Meanwhile, the shoot that develops from the _ grows upward towards sunlight.

Answer 15

plumule

Question 16

It is the _ and _ of cotyledon which differentiate hypogeal germination from epigeal germination.

Answer 16

position and fate

Question 17

In _ germination, the _ is pushed up to become the photosynthetic surface of the seedling by the elongation of a region of the embryo.

Answer 17

epigeal, cotyledon

Question 18

In _ germination, the cotyledon remains under the soil.

Answer 18

hypogeal

Question 19

Plants show the _ mobility during seed dispersal, but the movement is not as we see in animals.

Answer 19

highest