2.6 Reactions of Inorganic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Flashcards
Define a Lewis acid.
Electron pair acceptor
Define a Lewis base.
Electron pair donator
Write the formula for the 2 aqua metal ions with the charge 2+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the formula for the 2 aqua metal ions with the charge 3+
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
In the formation of a complex ion what is the Lewis base and what is the Lewis acid?
Ligand - Lewis base
Metal ion - Lewis acid
Write the general equilibria that happens in aqueous solutions of metal ions.
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Why is the acidity of [M(H2O)6]3+ greater than that of [M(H2O06]2+?
It has a greater polarising power (charge/size ratio) of the 3+ metal ion. The greater the polarising power, the more strongly it attracts the water molecule. This weakens the O-H bond so it breaks more easily.
How do metal-aqua ions react with limited OH- and limited NH3?
The bases OH- and ammonia when in limited amounts form the same hydroxide precipitates. They form in deprotonation acid base reactions.
Write the equation of Cu-aqua ion with a limited amount of OH- ions
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the equation of Al-aqua ion with a limited amount of OH- ions
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the 2 equations of Fe-aqua ion with a limited amount of OH- ions
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
How do Al-aqua ions react with excess OH-?
With excess NaOH the aluminium hydroxide dissolves. Al becomes [Al(OH)4]- (aq) colourless solution.
This hydroxide is classed as amphoteric because it reacts and dissolves in both acids and bases.
Write the equation of Al-aqua ions with excess OH-
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
How do Cu-aqua ions react with excess NH3?
With excess NH3 a ligand substitution reaction occurs with Cu and its precipitate dissolves to form a deep blue solution.
This substitution is incomplete with Cu.
In this reaction NH3 is acting as a Lewis base donating an electron pair.
Write the equation of Cu-aqua ions with excess NH3
(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)
How do 2+ metal ions react with carbonate solution?
The 2+ ions with carbonate solution results in MCO3 ppt being formed (Cu blue/green, Fe(II) green)
These are precipitation reactions.
Write the equation for 2+ Cu ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the equation for 2+ Fe ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the equation for 2+ Cu-aqua ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the equation for 2+ Fe-aqua ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
How do 3+ metal ions react with carbonate solution?
The 3+ ions with carbonate solution form a M(OH)3 ppt and CO2 gas is evolved.
Al forms white ppt
Fe(III) forms brown ppt
These are classed as acidity reactions.
Write the equation for 3+ Fe-aqua ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Write the equation for 3+ Al-aqua ions reacting with carbonate solution.
(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)
Look at 2+ ion summary on page 3 in the chemrevise revision guide
understand?
Look at 3+ ion summary on page 3 in the chemrevise revision guide
understand?
