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BDS3 ANATOMY Student 1 > 25 - Nasal cavity > Flashcards

25 - Nasal cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the overall structure of the nasal cavity.

A
  • paired structure with right and left cavities separated by the septum
  • separated form the oral cavity by the hard palate
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2
Q

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

A
  • contain olfactory receptor for smell
  • filters and humidifies air for respiration
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3
Q

What bones make up the external nose?

A
  • nasal
  • frontal process of maxilla
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4
Q

What cartilages make up the external nose?

A
  • septal
  • major and minor alar
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5
Q

What muscles make up the external nose?

A
  • nasalis
  • depressor septi nasi
  • Levator labii superioris alequae nasi
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6
Q

What bone forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

A
  • palatine process of maxillae
  • horizontal plate of palatine bones
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7
Q

What are the key features of the floor of the nasal cavity?

A
  • nares
  • incisive canals
  • nasal crest
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8
Q

What are the nares?

A

Anterior opening of the nasal cavity (nostrils)

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9
Q

What is the nasal crest?

A

Attachment of the vomer in the nasal septum

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10
Q

What makes up the nasal septum?

A
  • septal cartilage
  • perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
  • vomer
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11
Q

What problems can a deviated septum present?

A
  • can be a birth defect or caused by injury
  • snoring
  • nosebleeds
  • difficulty bleeding
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12
Q

What makes up the roof of the nasal cavity?

A
  • cribriform plate of ethmoid
  • nasal bones (anteriorly)
  • nasal spine of frontal bone (anteriorly)
  • sphenoid bone (posteriorly)
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13
Q

What is the cribriform plate’s relationship to the nasal cavity?

A

Has many holes to allow the passage of the olfactory nerves to the nasal cavity

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14
Q

What bones make up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A
  • nasal
  • ethmoid (superior and middle conchae)
  • lacrimal
  • maxilla
  • inferior concha
  • palatine
  • sphenoid
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15
Q

What is the ethmoidal labyrinth?

A
  • projects 2 of the 3 conchae in the nose
  • middle and superior
  • lateral walls of the labyrinth form part of the orbit
  • increases surface area for warming and humidification
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16
Q

What is the function of the conchae?

A

Increase surface area for warming and humidification of the air

17
Q

What are the meatus in the nasal cavity?

A
  • area under the conchae
  • named respectively
18
Q

Describe the pattern of innervation of the nasal cavity.

A
  • olfactory nerve (CN I) innervates the area over the superior concha
  • CN V1 innervates the upper/anterior portion of the lateral wall and septum
  • CN V2 innervates the lower/posterior portion of the lateral wall and septum
19
Q

What branches of CN V1 innervate the nasal cavity?

A

Anterior ethmoidal (branch of infratrochlear)

20
Q

What branches of CN V2 innervate the nasal cavity?

A
  • anterior superior alveolar nerve (nasal branch)
  • infraorbital nerve (nasal branch)
  • nasopalatine nerve
  • lateral nasal nerves (posterior inferior and posterior superior)
21
Q

What nerve supplies the Ala of the nose?

A

Infraorbital nerve

22
Q

Describe the arterial supply of the nasal cavity.

A

ECA
- sphenopalatine (maxillary)
- greater palatine (maxillary, from oral cavity)
- superior labial (facial)
- lateral nasal (facial)
ICA (ophthalmic)
- anterior ethmoidal
- posterior ethmoidal

23
Q

Describe the venous drainage of the nasal cavity.

A
  • veins that follow the maxillary artery drain into the pterygoid plexus
  • veins that follow the facial artery drain into the facial vein
  • veins that follow the ethmoidal arteries drain into the cavernous sinus
24
Q

Name the paranasal sinuses.

A
  • frontal
  • ethmoidal cells
  • sphenoid
  • maxillary
25
Q

What are paranasal sinuses?

A

Hollow cavity in bone within the skull that are lined by respiratory epithelium and open into the nasal cavity

26
Q

Describe the drainage of the ethmoidal cells.

A
  • anterior cells drain into the infundibulum in middle meatus
  • middle cells drain into middle meatus at the ethmoidal bulla
  • posterior cells drain into superior meatus
27
Q

Describe the drainage of the maxillary sinus.

A

Drains into the middle meatus at the semilunar hiatus

28
Q

Describe the drainage of the frontal sinus.

A

Drains into the infundibulum in the middle meatus

29
Q

Describe the drainage of the sphenoid sinus.

A

Drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess in the superior, posterior aspect of the nasal cavity

30
Q

Why does infection in the sinuses mimc toothache?

A
  • similar innervation
  • build up of infected material (pus), cannot drain as exit is superior

BDS3 ANATOMY Student 1 (27 decks)

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