2.5 Culture

Question 1

Corporate Culture

Answer 1

The beliefs, values and attitudes of the management and employees
The character or personality of the organisation that is expressed to internal and external stakeholders

Question 2

Shein

Answer 2

Artefacts
Dress Code (most visible part of culture)

Espoused Values
Eg. Mission statement

Shared Basic Assumptions:
Eg. Unseen values

Schein argued that despite the higher more visible levels, the true culture of an organisation may be driven by the deeper levels

Question 3

Handy

Answer 3

1. Power Cultures
2. Role Cultures
3. Task Cultures
4. Person Cultures

Question 4

Deal and Kennedy

Answer 4

Two key dimensions:

1. Speed of feedback and reward
2. Risk and uncertainty
   Stressful work environment
3. Tough-guy macho culture (high risk, fast feedback)
   Eg. Sports clubs
4. Work-hard, play-hard culture (low risk, fast feedback)
   Eg. Restaurants
5. Bet-the-company culture (high risk, slow rewards)
   Eg. Pharmaceutical companies
6. Process culture (low risk, low rewards)
   Eg. government departments

Question 5

Kotter and Heskett

Answer 5

1. Adaptive cultures
   Risk, Entrepreneurial
   Often found in innovative organisations such as Google, Facebook, Tesla
2. Inert cultures
   Resistant to change and inward looking
   Reactive rather than proactive to change

Question 6

Goffee and Jones:

Answer 6

1. Sociability
   Refers to the extent to which people have concerns for their colleagues
2. Solidarity
   Refers to the degree of unity in an organisation, such as sharing the same values and common interests

Question 7

Hofstede

Answer 7

Studied the links between international cultures and organisational cultures. His five dimensions of culture:
1. Power Distance

2. Individualism versus collectivism
3. Masculinity versus femininity
4. Uncertainty avoidance
5. Long-term versus short-term orientation

Question 8

Strategies to develop a culture

Answer 8

Mentor
Leaders act as mentors, sharing knowledge and expertise developing relationships
Outreach
Communicating desired culture to all stakeholders, so everyone moves in the same direction
Vision
Business must have clear vision which is consistent with desired culture