25 Antidepressants and Stimulants Flashcards
Depressive disorders stem from what 2 neurotransmitters?
NE, serotonin
What are the 4 drug classes for depression?
- tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI’s)
- serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI’s)
- Atypical
What 4 drug classes for bipolar?
- Lithium salt
- antidepressants
- antipsychotics
- anticonvulsants
What is a common sources of drug-drug interactions among anti-depressants and bipolar treatments?
CYP activity
Type A monoamine oxidase is specific or not? Type B?
- Not
- Specific for dopamine
What drug class treats ADHD and narcolepsy? What neurotransmitters do these drugs work on?
- stimulants
- Monoamines
Which classes of antidepressants have similar efficacy within their class?
- TCA’s (tricyclics)
- SSRI’s
What receptors do TCA’s block?
- muscarinic
- adrenergic
- histamine
What reuptake systems do TCA’s block?
- serotonin
- NE
Why are SSRI’s drug of choice?
less side effects than others
MAO-A or B deaminates NE, 5-HT, & DA?
MAO-A
MAO-A or B deaminates ONLY DA?
MAO-B [considered more specific than A]
Which drug inhibits only MAO-B’s?
selegiline
MAO is located where?
inside presynaptic neuron. Acts on monoamines NE & Ser once they have undergone re-uptake
What is cheese effect?
Pt. is taking a MAOi. Tyramine in cheese doesn’t get degraded by MAO. Get headache, tachycardia, hypertension, seizures, stroke. [Rather than oral, Use transdermal selegiline to avoid this]
What is serotonin syndrome?
coma, delirium, hypertension, hyperreflexia, hyperthermia, tachycardia
ADHD has what 3 characteristics?
inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity
Sleepiness, fatigue, dreamy hallucination, catalepsy, loss of muscle control characterize what condition?
narcolepsy
Which stimulant is for narcolepsy only? (not ADHD?)
modafanil
Which stimulant is for ADHD only? (not narcolepsy)
atomoxetine
stimulants have what mech?
up NE, DA
bipolars have what mech?
block IP-> inositol, block GSK-3B, inhibit 5-HT1a & 1b, enhance glutamate reuptake
which drug class has exact same side effects as SSRI?
SNRI [both have fewer side effects than TCA’s!]
What P450’s do SSRI’s inhibit?
CYP2d6, 1a2, and 3a4
