241 clinical assessment

Question 1

clinical asesment

Answer 1

Clinical assessment = systematic evolution and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in an individual presenting with a possible psychological disorder.

Question 2

diagnosis

Answer 2

Diagnosis = process of determining whether the problem affecting the individual meets all (or some of) the criteria for a psychological disorder, based on DSM 5.

Question 3

clinical interview

Answer 3

Systematic observation of somebody’s behaviour to determine whether a psychological disorder might be present

Question 4

MSE Thought process

Answer 4

rate or flow of speech, any evidence of delusion

Question 5

MSE Apperance and Behaviours

Answer 5

overt behavior, individual dress, general appearance, posture, and facial expression

Question 6

MSE Mood and affect

Answer 6

mood = predominancy feeling state of the individual
Affect = feeling state that accompanies what we say at whatever given time

Question 7

MSE intellectual functioning

Answer 7

vocab, memory, abstraction metaphors; take educated guess on individuals intelligence

Question 8

MSE Sensorium

Answer 8

awareness of surroundings, if they are okay – sensorium clear and oriented time three (person, place and time)

Question 9

End of clinical interview, psychologist should:

Answer 9

• Clear idea where a patient’s behaviour be accessed in more details
• Hypothesize which psychological disorder (if any) are presented

Question 10

Important Aspects to Remember:

Answer 10

• Problem reported by patient may not be major issue
• Important to elicit trust and empathy in the patient
• Information acquired during the interview is confidential: not even authorities can come in to possess info clearly stated by patient unless harm could be inflicted in patient or others

Question 11

Unstructured interview

Answer 11

follow no systematic format

Question 12

Semi structured interview

Answer 12

follow series of questions carefully phrased, tested to elicit useful information.

Question 13

Goal

Answer 13

Identify target behaviour to determine factors that influence those behaviours

Question 14

Identify ABC

Answer 14

Antecedent: what happens right before behaviour
Behaviour: Target Behaviour
Consequence: what happens just after behaviour

Question 15

(Neuro)psychological tests:

Answer 15

• Projective tests
• Personality inventory
• Intelligence testing
• Neuropsychological tests

Question 16

Scale # and Abbreviation

Answer 16

Example of tests to measure intelligence
IQ = intelligence quotient
Each score compared within population
Standardized IQ tests when looking at a population are distributed in a following ‘bell curve’ average of 100. Peak in the middle around the 100 marks, in stats it is called a normal distribution.

Question 17

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
4 majors scores

Answer 17

• Verbal comprehension
• Perceptual reasoning
• Working memory
• Processing speed

Question 18

Turner Syndrome

Answer 18

: 1 in 2500 live female births = chromosomal condition affects development in females. Tend to be shorter in stature and may experience loss of ovarian function. Neurocognitive profile of normal global intelligence. Mathematical, attention, spatial impairment and motor coordination difficulties have been reported.

Question 19

3 Important Concepts that define the value/accuracy:

Answer 19

1. Reliability: degree which measurement is consistent
   - Carefully design assessment to ensure 2 or more raters would get same answers
   - Ensure measures are stable across time
2. Validity: measure employed actually measures what is supposed to be measured
   - Compare results obtain with (new measure) with other (well-known) assessment measures (concurrent validity)
   - Use instruments with high predictive validity: score obtained in one scale predicts individual skills in related construct
3. Standardization: standardized (or structured) test defines structures, administration, scoring and interpretation. Followed by same way every professional who uses test. Client performs normally compared to representative sample of population with similar characteristics