(24) Speech and Language

Question 1

communication through vocalized sounds that form spoken words or sentences

Answer 1

speech

Question 2

distinct sounds made by the larynx

Answer 2

phonation

Question 3

a distinct sound that contrasts with others (25 consonant and 17 vowel ones)

Answer 3

phoneme

Question 4

disturbance of phonation causing alteration in volume

Answer 4

dysphonia

Question 5

disturbance of articulation caused by impaired motor control resulting in slurring of speech

Answer 5

dysarthria

Question 6

absence of phonation

Answer 6

mutism

Question 7

disruption to motor pathways used in phonation results in

Answer 7

dysarthria

Question 8

in the examination of speech, what are you looking for?

Answer 8

1. volume
2. rate
3. articulation

Question 9

loss of the ability for spoken and written language

Answer 9

aphasia

Question 10

loss of the ability to read when no visual impairment exists

Answer 10

alexia

Question 11

loss of the ability to write when no motor impairments exists

Answer 11

agraphia

Question 12

language errors due to word or sounds substitution

Answer 12

paraphasia

Question 13

sub in “fork” for “spoon”

Answer 13

semantic paraphasia

Question 14

sub in one sound for another: “moon” for “spoon”

Answer 14

phonemic paraphasia

Question 15

create of meaningless words: “woon” for “spoon”

Answer 15

neologism

Question 16

tone, inflection, volume of words and sentences that add meaning to language

Answer 16

prosody

Question 17

connects broca’s area to Wernike’s area

Answer 17

arculate fasciculus

Question 18

What is the function of the non-dominant broca’s and wenicke’s

Answer 18

provide emotional color to language

Question 19

problems producing speech (i.e. it is non-sensical) but normal comprehension

Answer 19

Broca’s aphagia

Question 20

fluent (still non-sensical) speech and no comprehension

Answer 20

wernicke’s aphagia

Question 21

normal production and comprehension of speech but have problems repeating words

Answer 21

conduction aphagia

Question 22

95% right handed persons are ____ hemisphere dominant

Answer 22

left

Question 23

Based on touch, can ID object in dominant hand but not non-dominant hand

Answer 23

split brain subject (when object is in dominant hand, sensory info is registered in dominant hemisphere where language area is found… but when it is in non-dominant hand, sensory info is on side opposite language area = cannot ID object)

Question 24

in terms of language, what does the dominant hemisphere control?

Answer 24

lexical, syntax, writing, speech

Question 25

in terms of language, what does the non-dominant hemisphere control

Answer 25

emotional coloring and rudimentary speech

Question 26

What are the 6 components to language testing?

Answer 26

1. expression (nml verbal output ~100-150 words/min)
2. comprehension of spoken language
3. repetition of words/phrases
4. reading
5. writing
6. naming objects

Question 27

lesion in brodmann’s areas 44 and 45 causes ____ aphasia

Answer 27

Broca’s

Question 28

lesion in brodmann’s areas 22 causes ____ aphasia

Answer 28

Wernicke’s

Question 29

lesion in supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus causes ____ aphasia

Answer 29

conduction

Question 30

Where is the lesion in alexia without agraphia

Answer 30

left visual cortex and splenium of corpus callosum