(2) Cellular Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Nissil stain identifies what organelles and what part of the neuron
RER = cell body and dendrites
site of action potential initiation
axon initial segment
the major branches of the axons are called
collaterals
sensory neurons are what type
pseudo unipolar
local circuit interneurons are what type
bipolar (i.e. have 2 primary processes–1 with dendrites and 1 with the axon)
motor neurons are what types
multipolar
What are golgi type 1 neurons
projection neurons that send its axon to other areas of the brian
What are golgi type 2 neurons
local circuit neurons that do not send its axon to other areas of the brain
most excitatory synapses are formed on ____
dendritic spines = axodendritic
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
Ach at nicotinic
excitatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
Ach at muscarinic
modulatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
GABA at GABA-b
modulatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
GABA at GABA-a
inhibitory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
DA
modulatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
glutamate
excitatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
glycine
inhibitory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
NE
modulatory
is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:
serotonin
modulatory
Gray’s type 1 vs type 2 synapses
1 = excitatory, found on dendrites, and are asymmetric (= pronounced postsynaptic density)
2= inhibitory, found on somas, and pre and post synaptic densities are symmetric
What does an electrical synpase look like
pre and post synaptic membrane are very close and connected via tight junctions
**bidirectional!! (chemical synapses are uni)
describe the structure of a tight junction
connexons form channel. each connexon is formed from 6 connexins
kinesin moves vesicles (antero or retrograde)
anterograde
dynein moves vesicles (antero or retrograde)
retrograde
these cells function as atrocytes in the PNS
satellite cells
cells that maintain ionic concentrations for optimal neuronal function
astrocytes
cells that facilitate angiogeneisis and synaptogenesis
astrocytes
what type of astrocytes are found in white matter?
fibrous, these have vascular feet
type of epithelium that ependymal cells form
cuboidal to simple columnar