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MS REZEL BUSINESS > 2.4 Resource Management > Flashcards

2.4 Resource Management Flashcards

1
Q

What is production?

A

total amount of output that is produced in a time period

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2
Q

What is Job production?

A

production of one off items that meet the needs of s customer

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3
Q

What is batch production?

A

identical items produced in groups

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3
Q

What is flow production?

A

mass produced products

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3
Q

What is cell production?

A

production line is split into a series of self contained cells

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4
Q

What are the advantages of job production?

A
  • added value
  • premium price
  • easy to set up
  • meets customer needs
  • motivated and skilled staff
  • high quality
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5
Q

What are the advantages of batch production?

A
  • cheaper and quicker production of individual items
  • more uniform products
  • reduced production time
  • efficient equipment use
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6
Q

What are the advantages of flow production?

A
  • consistent quality
  • efficient process due to:
  • specialisation
  • division of labour
  • use of machinery
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7
Q

What are the advantages of cell production?

A
  • increases quality, teamwork, motivation
  • can improve staff communication
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8
Q

What are the disadvantages of job production?

A
  • expensive to produce
  • time consuming
  • training costs
  • no econ of scales
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of batch production?

A
  • potential over/under production
  • quality variability
  • tasks may be boring
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of flow production?

A
  • mistakes can shut down whole process
  • high initial machinery cost
  • low motivation
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11
Q

What are the disadvantages of cell production?

A
  • depends upon training of the staff
  • machinery breakdown stops whole process
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12
Q

What is productivity?

A

output per person per hour
total output / employee number

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13
Q

What are the factors affecting productivity?

A
  • productivity bonus
  • productivity deal
  • staff training
  • investment in new technology
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14
Q

What is the effect of a higher productivity?

A

goods are produced more economically efficient and therefore it can charge a premium price (econ of scales)

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15
Q

What is efficiency maximisation?

A

when a good is produced at the minimum unit or average production cost

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16
Q

What factors effect efficiency?

A
  • quality of inputs
  • management of staff
  • production
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17
Q

What is labour intensive production?

A

makes products using mostly human effort or labour

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18
Q

What is capital intensive production?

A

goods produced using mainly machines and equipment

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19
Q

What is capacity?

A

a measure of how much output it can achieve in a given period

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20
Q

What is capacity utilisation?

A

the percentage of the capacity actually being used over a specific period
- actual output/max output x 100

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21
Q

What is high capacity utilisation?

A

the fc are spread over more units of production

22
Q

What is low capacity utilisation?

A

the fc are too high to stay in business or keep producing that product

23
Q

What are the ways to improve capacity utilisation?

A
  • sale of assets
  • make staff redundant
  • business can lease capacity to other businesses
  • sales
  • promotions
  • advertisement
24
Q

What is stock control?

A

the control of the flow of stock in a business, it concerns the ordering and management of:
- raw materials
- components
- finished goods

25
Q

What is buffer stock?

A

stock held just in case there is an unforeseen rise in demand or a problem with the supply

26
Q

What are the benefits of buffer stock?

A
  • easily respond to changes in demand
  • if suppliers can’t deliver on time production wont be affected
27
Q

What are the drawbacks of buffer stock?

A
  • high storage costs
  • can b up working capital of the business
28
Q

What are stock out costs and what can they cause?

A

costs of not having stock when needed:
- loss of reputation
- loss of sales revenue
- loss of consumer goodwill
- disruption to production

29
Q

What is JIT?

A

stock isn’t kept in warehouses and ordered when needed

30
Q

What are the benefits of JIT?

A
  • no wastage
  • cost saving
  • cash flow improves
  • stock isn’t out of date
31
Q

What are the drawbacks of JIT?

A
  • can’t meet surges in demand
  • can’t be quickly replaced if stock is faulty
  • delivery time is crucial
32
Q

What is capacity underutilisation?

A

not all resources are being used/products being sold

33
Q

What is capacity over-utilisation?

A

oversold/overbooked so some people have no products

34
Q

Wha are the advantages of underutilisation?

A
  • increases flexibility
  • ability to adapt
35
Q

Wha are the disadvantages of underutilisation?

A
  • higher fixed costs
  • unmotivated staff standing around
  • impact on brand image
  • business may need to rationalise by selling assets
36
Q

What are the disadvantages of over-utilisation?

A
  • can damage business rep
  • puts strain on resources in manufacturing
  • staff may work overtime
  • no time to maintain staff or machinery
  • quality suffers as mistakes are more likely to happen
37
Q

What are the different wastage types?

A
  • overproduction
  • wasting time
  • transportation
  • access processing
  • excess stock
  • excess motion
  • product quality
38
Q

What is waste?

A

activity or result the consumer does not value and is not willing to pay for

39
Q

What does waste minimisation do?

A
  • help improve efficiency
  • reduce unit cost of a product
  • improve public image of the business
  • avoids fines
40
Q

What s access processing?

A

takes the raw material further and further form its original state

41
Q

What is product quality?

A

inferior quality causes scarp and rework which increases manufacturing costs

42
Q

What is lean production?

A

aims to reduce resources used i production - Japanese method first adopted by Toyota

43
Q

What are the advantages of lean production?

A
  • respond quickly to changes
  • improved customer service
  • improved productivity
  • shorter lead time
  • reduced waste
  • safer working environment
  • quality improves
44
Q

What is quality?

A

how well a product does what is was designed to do

45
Q

What is quality control?

A

checking and reviewing work that has already been done - about detecting problems rather than preventing them

46
Q

What is quality assurance?

A

checking each stage of the product development to prevent mistakes

47
Q

What is total quality management?

A

puts quality at the heart of everything

48
Q

What are the advantages of quality management?

A
  • not paying for inspectors
  • enhanced reputation
  • more involved workers
  • builds good partnership with suppliers
  • more satisfied customers due to improved quality
49
Q

What are the disadvantages of quality management?

A
  • takes time to introduce
  • some staff can be resistant to change
  • costs to train staff
50
Q

What is a quality circle?

A

a group of employees who meet on a regular basis to talk about quality problems that are relevant to the part of the production process they work on

51
Q

What are the advantages of a quality circle?

A
  • meet specific customer needs
  • improves quality
52
Q

What are the disadvantages of a quality circle?

A
  • time consuming
  • people out of work
  • may be draining
53
Q

What is kaizen?

A

introducing new small changes constantly in order to improve efficiency

54
Q

What are the advantages of a kaizen?

A
  • motivating (constant change)
  • small changes are easier to adapt to
55
Q

What are the disadvantages of a kaizen?

A
  • higher training costs
  • staff may be resistant

MS REZEL BUSINESS (8 decks)

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