2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential To Human Functioning Flashcards
most important constituent of the body
water
water constitutes _____ of the body’s weight
two-thirds
Properties of water
- Compatible with life
- Polarity
- Solubility
- Lubrication
- Reactivity
- High heat capacity
water is held together by what type of bond
Polar covalent bond
weak attractive force
hydrogen bond
Water molecules exhibits what?
cohesion and adhesion
Differentiate cohesion and adhesion
cohesion - they stick to each other
adhesion - they stick to other polar molecules
the hydrogen bonds between water molecules slow the rate of evaporation and create the phenomenon known as
surface tension
acts as a barrier that keeps small objects from entering the water
surface tension
homogenous mixture of two or more substances
solution
The medium in which other atoms, ions, or molecules are dispersed is called the
solvent
dispersed particles
solutes
ability to absorb and retain heat
heat capacity
The temperature of water must be _____ before individual molecules have enough energy
to break free to become water vapor, a gas.
a. high
b. low
a. high
A large mass of water changes temperature very slowly. This property is called
thermal inertia
A water molecule is said to be ____ because it has a positive and negative pole due to the unequal sharing of electrons in its covalent bonds.
a. polar
b. non polar
a. polar
The sheath of water molecules around an ion in solution is called a
hydration sphere
Molecules that interact readily with water are called
hydrophilic
When nonpolar molecules are mixed in water, hydrations spheres do not form and the molecules do not dissolve in the water. These molecules are said to be
hydrophobic
Differentiate hydrophobic and hydrophilic
Hydrophobic- water fearing
Hydrophilic- water loving
Soluble inorganic molecules whose ions will conduct an electrical current in solution are called
electrolytes
which of the following is not an electrolyte
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. carbon
d. potassium
c. carbon
A solution containing dispersed proteins or other large molecules
colloid
contains even larger particles that will, if undisturbed, settle out of solution due to the forces of gravity
suspension
