2.3 Chemical Reactions Flashcards
In a ____________ new chemical bonds form between atoms, or existing bonds between atoms are broken.
chemical reactions
These changes occur as atoms in the reacting substances, called _______, are rearranged
to form different substances, called _______.
a. products;reactants
b. reactants:products
b. reactants;products
All of the reactions under way in the cells and tissues of the body at a given moment constitutes its
metabolism
is the movement of an object or change in the physical structure of matter.
work
is the capacity to perform work.
energy
true or false
Energy has no mass and does not take up space. It can only be measured by its effects on matter
true
two types of energy
potential and kinetic energy
differentiate kinetic energy and potential energy
kinetic energy is energy of movements while potential energy is stored energy
a type of short hand that makes communication efficient and more universal.
chemical notation
The arrow indicates the direction of the reaction and reads as
yields
three basic types of chemical reactions
- Decomposition reaction
- Synthesis reaction
- Exchange reaction
What reaction in which the chemical bonds of large molecules are broken down into less complex, smaller molecules.
Decomposition reaction
Decomposition reaction is also called
catabolism
smaller particles are bonded together to form larger, more complex molecules.
Synthesis reaction
synthesis reaction is also called
Anabolism
parts of the reacting molecules are shuffled to produce new products that
are neither smaller nor less complex
exchange reactions
what type of reaction
ABC = A + B + C
Decomposition reaction
what type of reaction
A + B + C yields ABC
Synthesis reaction
what type of reaction
AB + CD yields AC + BD
Exchange reactions
Factors effecting chemical reactions
- Properties of the reactants
- Temperature
- Concentration and pressure
- Enzymes
Chemical reactions that release more energy that is required to run the reaction are said to be
exergonic
Chemical reactions that require more energy than is produced are said to be
Endergonic
are essential metabolites that are normally obtained from the diet
Nutrients
possess carbon and hydrogen as the primary structural ingredient
organic nutrients
