24) Cervical Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Definition of “Cervical Cancer”?
A
- It’s a malignant tumor from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
- Originating in transformation zone
- Occurs at ages 35 - 45 years
2
Q
What are the Causes & Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer?
A
DUE to = HPV-16 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, HPV-18 Adenocarcinoma
RISK FACTORS
- HPV Infection
- Multiple Sex Partners
- Immunosuppression
- Early Sexual Activity
- Long-Term Used of Birth Control
3
Q
What are the CLINICAL FEATURES of Cervical Cancer?
A
- Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding - post-menopausal bleeding
- Vaginal Discharge - bloody mucous
- Pelvic Pain, Dysuria, Hematuria
- Swollen Legs, Fatigue
- Direct Spread = Uterus, Vagina, Bladder, Rectum
- Hematogenous = Lungs, Liver + Bones
4
Q
Describe the STAGING
A
IN SITU
- Stage 1 = Confined to Cervix
- Stage 2 = Extends BEYOND Cervix
- Stage 3 = Spreads to PELVIC WALL + LOWER VAGINA
- Stage 4 = Extends beyond pelvis, to BLADDER, RECTUM + DISTANT ORGANS
5
Q
What is the DIAGNOSIS?
A
DIAGNOSIS
- Pap Smear
- HPV DNA Testing
- Speculum
- Colposcopy
- Biopsy - Punch, Cone or Endocervical Curettage
- CT - Of Chest, Abdomen + Pelvis
6
Q
What is the TREATMENT?
A
- Conization - removing affected CERVICAL tissue
- Radical Hysterectomy
- Chemoradiation Therapy
- Pelvic EXENTERATION - removal of Pelvic Organs such as BLADDER + RECTUM
