2.31 - Solid Lattices Flashcards
What are the 4 types of solid lattice?
Giant metallic lattices, giant ionic lattices, giant covalent lattices and discrete molecular lattices
What are metallic lattices composed of?
A regular arrangement of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons
What are the typical properties of giant metallic lattice compounds?
High melting and boiling temperatures, good electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability and ductility
What are giant ionic lattices composed of?
A regular arrangement of positive and negative ions
What are the typical properties of giant ionic lattice compounds?
Fairly high melting temperatures, brittleness, poor electrical conductivity when solid, but good when molten or in solution, and often soluble in water
What are giant covalent lattices sometimes known as?
Network covalent lattices
What do giant covalent lattices consist of?
Atoms linked to each other by covalent bonds
What are 4 of the most common giant covalent substances?
Diamond, graphite, graphene, and silicon (IV) oxide
What bonds, and how many, form for each carbon atom in diamond?
4 sigma bonds per carbon atom
What are the bond angles for diamond?
All 109.5 degrees
What are two properties of diamond?
High melting/boiling point, very hard
What type of structure does graphite have?
A layered structure
How many sigma bonds are there per carbon atom in graphite?
3
Where is the other electron?
In a p-orbital
What shape are the layers of graphite?
Hexagonal
