2.3 Metabolic Rate Flashcards
What is Metabolic Rate?
The speed of enzyme controlled reactions in an organism
What are the four tools used to measure metabolic rate?
- Respirometers
- Oxygen probes
- Carbon dioxide probes
- Calorimeters
How does a calorimeter measure metabolic rate?
By measuring heat production
How does a respirometer measure metabolic rate?
By measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
What three ways can metabolic rate be measured?
- Oxygen consumption
- Carbon dioxide production
- Heat production
Why do organisms with high metabolic rates require more efficient delivery of oxygen?
To meet the increased energy demands of cells.
What is the circulatory system structure in birds and mammals?
Complete double circulatory system with two atria and two ventricles.
What type of circulatory system do amphibians and most reptiles have?
Incomplete double circulatory system with two atria and one ventricle.
Describe the circulatory system in fish.
Single circulatory system with one atrium and one ventricle.
Which group of animals has the highest metabolic rates?
Birds and mammals.
How does a complete double circulatory system benefit birds and mammals?
It enables higher metabolic rates by preventing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
What is the advantage of having oxygenated blood pumped out at a higher pressure?
More efficient oxygen delivery to cells.
Rank the metabolic rates from highest to lowest: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish.
Birds > Mammals > Reptiles/Amphibians > Fish.
