1.1 DNA Structure and Organisation Flashcards
1
Q
What does DNA stand for?
A
Deoxyribonucleic acid
2
Q
What are basic units that make up DNA?
A
Nucleotides
3
Q
What makes up a nucleotide?
A
Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a base
4
Q
How are nucleotides joined?
A
Hydrogen bonds
5
Q
What is special about the structure of DNA?
A
It is a double stranded helix and anti parallel (the stands run in different directions) with 3’ and 5’ ends
6
Q
What does the base sequence of DNA form?
A
The genetic code
7
Q
What is the organisation of DNA in prokaryotes?
A
Single circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids
8
Q
What is the organisation of DNA in eukaryotes?
A
Linear chromosomes in the nucleus (tightly coiled and packaged with histone proteins). Circular chromosomes in the mitochondria and chloroplasts
9
Q
Which example of a eukaryote has plasmids?
A
Yeast
