2.3 Carbohydrates and Lipids

Question 1

What bonds join a disaccharide together?

Answer 1

Glycocidic.

Question 2

glucose + glucose

Answer 2

maltose

Question 3

glucose + fructose

Answer 3

sucrose

Question 4

galactose + glucose

Answer 4

lactose

Question 5

cellulose

Answer 5

found in cell wall. made of beta glucose and so is indigestible to most animals.

Question 6

starch

Answer 6

energy storage found in plants. made of alpha glucose and exists in amylopectin (branched) or amylose (linear and takes less space)

Question 7

glycogen

Answer 7

energy storage found in the liver and is highly branched.

Question 8

cis vs trans isomers

Answer 8

cis - hydrogen bonds next to eachother

trans- hydrogen bonds on opposite ends (produced in industry)

Question 9

How are triglycerides stored?

Answer 9

As fats (solid) in animals and oils in plants.

Question 10

How are triglycerides formed?

Answer 10

Condensation reaction between one glycerol and 3 fatty acids. Forms an ester linkage, (double bond c-o and o)

Question 11

Which way round is it for good and bad cholesterol?

Answer 11

LDL (low density lipoproteins)=bad

HDL (high density lipoproteins)=good

Question 12

Lipids vs Carbohydrates.

Answer 12

Lipids = long term energy storage and stores twice as much energy. hydrophobic (so not soluble in water)
Carbohydrates = readily digested, easily transported and more effect on osmotic pressure.

Question 13

How to calculate BMI?

Answer 13

weight/height squared