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HHD U1/2 > 2.2.1-6 > Flashcards

2.2.1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

principles of individual development PCVPS

A 
predictable and orderly
continual
variations in rate and timing
predictable patterns
simple to complex
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2
Q

Development occurs in a predictable and orderly way

A

sentence: manipulate their vocal cords, meanings of words and articulate so it makes sense
if any skills not present, child won’t be able to make sentence

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3
Q

development is continual

A

starts with conception and ends with death
foundations laid in one stage will be built on in next
decline in body systems and memory also

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4
Q

there are individual variations in the rate and timing of development

A

variations in when milestones are reached and how developed a person is compared to another of same age
height differences

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5
Q

development follows predictable patterns

A

cephalocaudal and proximodistal

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6
Q

cephalocaudal development

A

refers to growth and development that occurs from the head down
neck muscles, shoulder muscles, torso muscles to sit up

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7
Q

proximodistal development

A

occurs from the centre or core of the body in an outward direction
spine develops first in utero, extremities, fingers and toes

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8
Q

development proceeds from the simple to the complex

A

throughout the processes and motor skill development goes from simple to complex
children learn to crawl before walking and running

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9
Q

physical development infancy

A

reflexes, controlled movements

bones continue to ossify and can support own weight by end of 1st year

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10
Q

social development infancy

A

recognises facial expressions

culturally acceptable behaviour

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11
Q

emotional development infancy

A

fear

emotional attachment to care giver

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12
Q

intellectual development infancy

A

recognise name and respond

associate certain actions with outcomes

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13
Q

physical development early childhood

A

limbs and torso, proportionate to head

bones begin to lengthen and ossify, increased length

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14
Q

social development early childhood

A

accepted by others, brings attention to them

independence

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15
Q

emotional development early childhood

A

empathy

positive feedback, pride in achievements, jealous

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16
Q

intellectual development early childhood

A

questioning begins “why?”

can remember and follow basic instructions

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17
Q

physical development late childhood

A

bones and muscles, grow in length and width

permanent teeth

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18
Q

social development late childhood

A

social interactions such as sharing, communication cooperation and conflict resolution
importance to be accepted, modify behaviour

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19
Q

emotional development late childhood

A

emotions in words

self-concept

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20
Q

intellectual development late childhood

A

problem-solving skills

attention span and long term memory

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21
Q

adaptations to the neonate

A

respiration
circulation
digestion and removal of wastes
temperature control

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22
Q

adaptations to the neonate

respiration

A

during delivery, fluid in lungs is squeezed out
umbilical cord is cut and infants take first breath and inflate lungs
excess fluid absorbed by the body

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23
Q

adaptations to the neonate

circulation

A

umbilical cord is cut, change in blood pressure
increase in blood supply to lungs once inflated
results in open sides of heart closed, change in blood flow
baby now obtains oxygenated blood from lungs instead of placenta

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24
Q

adaptations to the neonate

digestion and removal of wastes

A

adapt to drinking and digesting milk
organs take on new roles and share task of removing wastes
lungs excrete carbon dioxide and kidneys purify blood
baby needs to start passing urine
first bowel movements called meconium (dark and sticky)

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25
Q

adaptations to the neonate

temperature control

A

baby temp will fall because of larger surface area, wet skin and low fat stores
should return to normal over next few hours

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26
Q

grasping reflex

A

curling of fingers around objects that touch baby’s palm

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27
Q

rooting reflex

A

turning of cheek in direction of a touch stimulus

orients child to breast or bottle

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28
Q

sucking reflex

A

sucking on objects placed into mouth allows child to take in nutrients

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29
Q

babinski reflex

A

fanning and then curling toes when bottom of foot stroked

30
Q

stepping reflex

A

infants held upright so that their feet touch a flat surface will step as if to walk

31
Q

moro reflex

A

loud noise or sudden change in position will cause baby to throw arms outward, arch backwards and then bring arms towards each other

32
Q

breathing reflex

A

provides oxygen and expels carbon dioxide

33
Q

blinking reflex

A

protects eyes from bright light or foreign objects

34
Q

swimming reflex

A

infant emerged in water will display active movements of arms and legs and involuntary hold of breath

35
Q

APGAR test

A 
Activity
Pulse
Grimace 
Appearance
Respiration
used to asses the infants adaptations to life outside the uterus
36
Q

infant mortality rate

A

refers to the deaths of live-born children before 12 months of age

37
Q

child mortality rate

A

deaths that occur between the first birthday and 14 years of age

38
Q

leading causes of infant mortality

A

perinatal conditions
congenital anomalies
signs, symptoms and abnormal finding (SIDS)

39
Q

leading causes of child mortality

A

injuries (transport, drowning, falls)
cancer
diseases of the nervous system

40
Q

leading causes of infant morbidity

A

low birth weight

41
Q

leading causes of child morbidity

A

asthma
obesity
diabetes

42
Q

biological determinant definition

A

factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as, genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels

43
Q

behavioural determinant definition

A

actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that impact on health, such as, smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity, eating practices

44
Q

social environment determinant definition

A

aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as, poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support

45
Q

physical environment determinant definition

A

the physical surroundings in which we live, work and play. the physical environment includes water and air, workplaces, housing, roads, nature, schools, recreation and exposure to hazards

46
Q

biological determinant example

A

body weight

47
Q

body weight impact

A

due to being overweight or obese (biological) a child could potentially have shortness of breath when conducting physical activity which would negatively impact on their physical health in the short term

48
Q

behavioural determinant example

A

eating habits
breastfeeding
vaccination

49
Q

eating habits impact

A

by reducing the amount of fat in a child’s diet (behavioural) will reduce the risk of the child becoming overweight or obese, positively impacting their physical health

50
Q

breast feeding impact

A

due to the behavioural determinant of breastfeeding, mothers who breastfeed their children decrease the child’s risk of developing juvenile diabetes later in life, positively impacting their physical health

51
Q

vaccination impact

A

due to being unvaccinated (behavioural), the child may be more exposed to diseases such as hepatitis B which can lead to 1 in 4 developing cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer, negatively impacting physical health

52
Q

social environment determinant example

A

media

53
Q

media impact

A

an increase in a childs use of the media (social) may increase their time spent watching screens which could reduce their amount of physical activity which may potentially have a negative impact on their physical health

54
Q

physical environment determinant example

A

fluoridation of water

access to recreational facilities

55
Q

fluoridation of water

A

consumption of fluoridated water (physical e) reduces the child’s tumescent away from school for dental treatment which will positively impact their intellectual development

56
Q

access to recreational facilities

A

having access to recreational facilities (pe) for older children can allow them to broaden their physical activity by allowing them to participate in activities such as netball which may increase physical fitness which will positively impact on their physical health

57
Q

asthma

A

a common inflammatory condition of the airways resulting in wheezing, breathlessness and tightness of chest
lining of airways become swollen and inflamed, producing mucus that causes narrowing

58
Q

asthma impacts on health

A

awake coughing and wheezing, tired and fatigue due to lack of sleep, physical health
asthma attack, hospital, miss school, intellectual development

59
Q

asthma risk factors

A

genetics

physical exercise can trigger

60
Q

asthma protective factors

A

female, boys more likely

tobacco free home

61
Q

asthma government

A

Australian governments national management program

62
Q

asthma community

A

asthma friendly school program, safe environment for asthmatics

63
Q

asthma personal

A

educating and empowering to avoid triggers and how to recognise and treat symptoms

64
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the cells of the pancreas that are responsible for producing insulin
insulin, convert glucose into energy

65
Q

type 1 diabetes impacts on health

A

failing to monitor, high BGL, damage to organs, kidney failure, damage to eyes, physical health
insulin pump, financial strain, mental health

66
Q

type 1 diabetes risk factors

A

not having well balanced diet, meals high in fat and low in fibre carbs, unstable BGL
genetic predisposition

67
Q

type 1 diabetes protective factors

A

older age, incidence decreases with increasing age

regularly taking insulin, maintenance of healthy BGL

68
Q

type 1 diabetes personal

A

healthy diet, monitoring and maintaining healthy BGL

69
Q

type 1 diabetes government

A

insulin pump program, subsides cost for people under 18

70
Q

type 1 diabetes community

A

diabetes camps victoria

monash children, RCH: camps, manage diabetes in fun, safe and supportive environment

HHD U1/2 (8 decks)

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