2.2 The Mongol Empire and the Modern World Flashcards
How did Eurasian empires grow over time, and how did their expansion influence trade and communication?
What is the term for when the Mongol Empire was at peace? What was its time period? What effects did it have?
Pax Mongolica, the 13th - 14th centuries. It revived trade, which the Mongols built new road systems for.
Who was Temujin? What other name did he go by?
He was a king, or Khan of the Mongol Empire. He went by Genghis Khan.
How far did Genghis Khan expand the Khanate? Where was his first conquest?
From the North China sea to East Persia. He first attacked the Jin Empire, in modern day Beijing.
What religious policies did the Mongols have?
Religious tolerance.
What did the Mongols do for the Silk Roads?
They protected merchants who traveled along it with an association, which was called Ortogh. Their help lead the Silk Roads to their 3rd golden age. They also made new trade channels with Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe.
Who were Genghis Khan’s grandsons?
Batu, Helugu, and Kublai.
Batu lead the Golden Horde to Russia, where they conquered and ruled indirectly.
Helugu lead the Islamic Heartlands, where they conquered Baghdad. Helugu’s kingdom was the Ilkhanate.
Kublai lead the Yuan Dynasty in China. They took over the Song Dynasty. They practiced religious tolerance, and earned loyalty from Daoists and Buddhists who were the religious minority.
What was the Battle of Kulikovo?
When the people of Moscow rose up against Mongol rule. This marked the decline of Mongol rule.
What is a cavalry?
Horseback soldiers.
What is an infantry?
Soldiers on foot.
What factors caused the Mongols to lose power?
They alienated the Chinese in their own government, and couldn’t expand territory past China. Eventually, the Yuan Dynasty was overthrown by the White Lotus society. China was then ruled by the Ming Dynasty.
What kinds of ideas and knowledge spread due to Mongol conquest?
Islamic scientific and medical knowledge diffused to China and West Europe. The bubonic plague also spread to Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe through trade routes.
What kind of government did countries adopt because of the Mongols?
Centralized government.
