2.2 Rural Flashcards
RLD impacts
In the Sahel Region:
Lack of fertile soil from wind erosion, crops unable to grow
Death of livestock- reduced food supply, malnutrition or famine
Poor crop yields- farmers lose income, difficult to pay for basic necessities
Severe desertification, long-term issues for farming community eg. loss of income
Conflict over limited land, farmers forced to move + re-settle
Rural migration- lack of food supply, overcrowded urban areas + growth of illegal settlements
Countries reliant on international aid to supply food and water, high debt repayments in future
Biodiversity loss- ecosystems struggle to support wildlife and plant species
RLD management + effectiveness
Agro-forestry- farmers grow trees and crops on same land, protects soil from wind erosion (shelter)
Agro-forestry- trees take a while to grow, effects take a long time
Shelter belts- rows of trees deflect wind off ground, reduce soil erosion + slow wind by half
Shelter belts- fruit can also be grown on trees, another source of income
Stone lines- barriers trapping soil from being washed, allows infiltration for crops to grow
Stone lines- easy to build (little resources), cost-effective
Land use conflicts
In the Lake District:
Traffic congestion on narrow rural roads, air and noise pollution
Holiday homes increase price for locals, decrease in rural population
Quarrying- lots of dust, sits on plants + reduces growth
Tourists wander off footpaths, erodes path + stone walls damaged from climbing
Speedboats on lakes erodes beaches + oil from engines, aquatic life harmed
Large factories- smoke created, visual pollution in spectacular landscapes
Dogs off leash scares sheep increasing miscarriages, farmer loses income
Land use management + effectiveness
Litter bins removed in remote areas, encourages people to take litter home
Traffic restrictions- one way streets to increase flow and limit congestion
Farmers fields- temporary car park, reduces on-street parking + income for farmer
Planting trees around eye-sores shields them, but is long term solution
Speed limits- reduce beach erosion on lakes, but speedboat users move to other lakes
Footpaths improved by laying local stones, very costly, voluntary so takes longer
Improved public transport lowers congestion, limited success (people use own vehicle)
