2.2 organization and managment Flashcards
organization structure
rfers to the levels of management and division of responsibilities within a business.
organizational chart
diagram that outlines internal managment structure
hierarchy
level of managment in any organization
advantages of origination chart
- All employees are aware of which communication channel is used to reach them with messages
- Everyone knows their position in the business. They know who they are accountable to and who they are accountable for
- It shows the links and relationship between the different departments
- Gives everyone a sense of belonging as they appear on the organizational chart
chain of command
the sturcture in an orginization which allows inscructions to be passed down from senior to lower management
span of control
number of subordinate workign under a manager
advantages of short chain of command disadvantages of long chain of command
-Communication is quicker and more accurate- less levels to pass thru
-Top managers are less remote from lower employees, so employees will be more motivated and top managers can always stay in touch with the employees
Spans of control will be wider :
-encourage them to delegate = the subordinates will be more motivated and feel trusted.
-less direct control over each
cons
-is the risk that managers may lose control over the tasks.
-subordinates cud make mistakes if poorly trained `
role of management
planning organizing coordinating commanding controlling
gives a sense of control and direction
coordination between departments
control of empplyees
organization of resources
planning (management)
setting aims and targets for the organisations/department to achieve:
-It will give the department and it’s employees a clear sense of purpose and direction
-resources required to achieve these targets – the number of people required, the finance needed etc.
-
organizing (management)
managers should then organize the resources -allocating responsibilities to employees, possibly delegating.
organization chart
coordinating
managers should ensure that each department is coordinating with one another to achieve the organization’s aims.
- effective communication between departments and managers and decision making.
- They need to come together regularly and make decisions that will help achieve each department’s aims as well as the organization’s = regular meetings
commanding (management)
- managers need to guide, lead and supervise their employees in the tasks they do and make sure they are keeping to their deadlines and achieving targets.
- instructions and guideline to make sure tasks are being carried out
controlling (management)
managers must try to assess and evaluate the performance of each of their employees.
If some employees fail to achieve their target, the manager must see why it has occurred and what he can do to correct it- maybe some training will be required or better equipment
delegation
giving a subordinate the authority to perform a particular task
advantages of delegation to managers
- managers cannot do all work by themselves
- managers are less likely to make mistakes
- managers can measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their subordinates’ work
However, managers may be reluctant to delegate as they may lose their control over the work
Advantages of delegation to subordinates:
- the work becomes more interesting and rewarding- increased job satisfaction
- employees feel more important and feel trusted– increasing loyalty to the firm
- can act as a method of training and opportunities for promotions, if they do a good job.
qualities of a good manager
- motivate employees
- guidance and advice
- inspire emplyee
- manage resources
- increase profitability of business
- make good decisions
autocratic leadership
where the manager expects to be in charge of the business and have their orders followed
-top to down, one way of communication
-quick decision making
however
-no employee involvement in decision = unmotivatinng
democratic leadership
-managers involve employees in the decision-making
-information about future plans is openly communicated and discussed with employees and a final decision is made by the manager.
-communication both ways
-motivating factor and better decisions
however
-unpopular but useful decisions could not be made
Laissez-faire
makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees and leaves them to do their own decision-making and organize tasks.
- Communication is rather difficult since a clear direction is not given.
- The manager has a very limited role to play.
- encourages to show creativity and responsibility
- not good in an organization where a clear decision is needed
Trade Unions
A trade union is a group of workers who have joined together to ensure their interest are protected
Benefits to workers of joining a trade union:
- strength in number- a sense of belonging and unity
- improved conditions of employment, for example, better pay, holidays, hours of work etc
- improved working conditions, foe example, health and safety
- improved benefits for workers who are not working, because they’re sick, retired or made redundant (dismissed not because of any fault of their own)
- financial support if a member thinks he/she has been unfairly dismissed or treated
- benefits that have been negotiated for union member such as discounts on firm’s products, provision of health services
- improved job satisfaction by encouraging training
- benifits negotiated for union members
- secure employment for close shoped
- influence government policies
Disadvantages to workers of joining a trade unions
- costs money to be a member- a membership fee will be required
- may be asked to take industrial action even if they don’t agree with the union- they may not get paid during a strike
Benefits to employer of a trade union
- improve communication
- easier wage engotiotion
- trained workers
Disadvantages to employer of a trade unions
- strikes if demands not met
- higher wages
