2.1 motivating workers

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

reason why employees want to wornk hard & efficently

Question 2

why work

Answer 2

• money
• esteem
• security
• social needs
• job satisfaction

Question 3

why motivate workers

Answer 3

-gigh output per worker=lower cost

Question 4

why motivate workers

Answer 4

• high output per owrker= lwoer cost = more profit
• willingness to accept change (more mobility)
• two way communicatio
• more loyatly= less cost of recruiting
• low rates of absent
• lower strke

Question 5

Maslow’s hierarchy of need order

Answer 5

order:

• physiology needs- wages to earn basic shit
• safety and security needs- job safety
• social needs- friendship/supporting colleges
• esteem needs: recognition/ well done
• self actualization: promotion and responsibility

Question 6

maslow’s hierarchy of need

Answer 6

-money alone wont be effective
-employees are motivated by each level of hierarchy
-each level much be achieved before the other one
cons:
-all levels don apply to each worker
-managers need to find the level that the job provides and search way how to implement the next

Question 7

F.W taylor

Answer 7

-all individuals are motivated by peroneal gains= more money so more motivates
-studied at workers /labor
-imposed the piece rate system
-suggest division of labor to increase efficiency
cons:
0simplistic- other motivators as well
-can not measure output w peice rate in service sector
-unfulfillment>money

Question 8

Herzberg motivators and hygine

Answer 8

motivators:

• achievement
• personal growth/development
• advancement/promotion
• work itself

hygiene:

• status
• security
• work conditions
• company policy and administration
• relationship w supervisor
• relationship w subordinates
• salary

Question 9

Herzberg

Answer 9

• studied on accountants and engineer
• hygiene factors are needs and motivators motivate
• hygiene factors not satisfied don’t act as demotivators but satisfied don’t act as motivators

Question 10

financial method of motivaion

Answer 10

• wage
• salary
• bonus
• commission
• profit sharing

Question 11

wages

Answer 11

payment for work usually paid weekly 
-get paid on regular basis
-overtime
cons:
-calculated each week
-need wage clerk

Question 12

time rate (wages)

Answer 12

amount paid to an employee for hours worked

• easy to calculate and workers know exactly how much they will earn
• used when output is difficult to measure

cons:

• time sheet takes time
• good and bad workers get paid same
• supervisors needed to assure quality
• clock in system needed to calc hours

Question 13

piece rate (wages)

Answer 13

amount paid for each unit of output added on basic pay
-can be used as bonus
-motivate to work faster and produce more
cons:
-may focus on making more goods that have poor quality=less sales and bad image
-workers who are carful wont earn as much
-supervisor needed
-employee will earn less if machine breaks down
-can only be used where output is measued

Question 14

salaries

Answer 14

payment of work usually payed monthly

• wasy to calc cost cuz amount per year / 12
• has money in bank longer cuz once a month
• has to be calc once a month

cons:

• workers want weekly
• no overtime

Question 15

bonuses

Answer 15

• additional amount payed above basic salary for good work
• motivate emplyees cuz recognition

cons:

• expected sp when not paied can be de motivators
• unfair treatment may be seen

Question 16

commisions

Answer 16

payment relating to the number of sales made this year
-similar to peice rate but only too sales staff

cons:

• persusaive staff may increase sales in short term but ruin brand image decressing overall sales
• stressful as if they have bad month commision will fall
• too much compitetiton etween staff

Question 17

profit sharing

Answer 17

a system where a proportion of a company’s profit is paid to employee added to basic wage

• motivate to work harder since they all will recive profit
• rest is paied as dividend
• used in service sector where is is difficult to recognize individual effort = everyone will benifit from good wrok

cons:

• low profit= no or less sahring= disspointment/demotivator
• cacl additional to baisc paay- higher worker will earn more making lower paid ppl feel bad
• less didedend for shareholders

Question 18

fringe benefits

Answer 18

fringe benefits are non-financial rewards given to employees

• Company vehicle/car
• Free healthcare
• Children’s education fees paid for
• Free accommodation
• Free holidays/trips
• Discounts on the firm’s products
• job rotation
• job enrichment
• team work
• training
• opportunity for promotion

Question 19

Job Satisfaction

Answer 19

the enjoyment derived from the feeling that you’ve done a good job

Question 20

job rotation

Answer 20

involves workers swapping around jobs and doing each specific task for only a limited time and then changing round again.
-increases varitey in work
-allows labout mobility
-avoids boredom of one task
-does not make task intreting
common in big factories

Question 21

job enrichment

Answer 21

involves adding tasks that require more skill and responsibility to a job.

• may need additional training
• gives sense of trust from mam=nagment= efficently
• more tasks productive

Question 22

teamwork

Answer 22

group of workers is given responsibility for a particular process, product or development

• -more invovmen in decison making
• feeling of control and commited= stisfaction
• Working as a group will also add to morale, fulfill social needs and lead to job satisfaction.

Question 23

training

Answer 23

process of improvign a workers skill

• sense of achivment
• more challenging and rewarding work = job enrichment
• recognition from managment
• perosnal grwoth

Question 24

opportunities for promotion

Answer 24

advancment of emplyee in an orginization

• internal recuritment
• will feel recognized
• high status
• more challenging work