2.2 Globalization Impacts

Question 1

What is the Global Shift?

Answer 1

The movement of manufacturing and services from the West to East, which stems from a combination of offshoring, outsourcing and business start-ups.

Question 2

Why is Globalization creating a global culture?

Answer 2

• Cultural Diffusion: which is caused by TNCs, global media corporations, tourism and migration.
• Cultural Erosion: a threat of cultures as they begin to forget their native cultures in favor of more western ideologies.

Question 3

How does globalization change people’s diets?

Answer 3

• People in Asia are increasingly eating more western diets.
• In 2015, China became the world’s biggest processed food consumer.

Question 4

What are the negatives of changing diets?

Answer 4

• Huge increase in meat demand
  thus impacting the environment as cattle ranching is a major methane emiiter

Question 5

What are anti-globalization groups?

Answer 5

Oppose child labor, tax avoidance & environmental damage of TNCs.

Question 6

Papua New Guinea Case Study

Answer 6

• Over 7000 cultural groups, with their own language.
• 1 in 4 of these languages could be lost as people migrate to cities as their language less.

Question 7

Why is international migration increased and caused by?

Answer 7

International migration has increased in cities and regions that are global hubs.

Question 8

What is elite migration?

Answer 8

• Wealthy & highly skilled migrants bring investment & capital to the host country.

Question 9

What are global hubs?

Answer 9

Highly globally-connected city/region.

Question 10

What is low-wage migration

Answer 10

Where low-skilled migrants fill skill gaps in the host country and send remittances back to their source country.

Question 11

What are the pros and cons on a host country in terms of low-wage migration?

Answer 11

• Fill skills gaps, increase in diversity and culture + benefit the economy
• Possible strain in services and housing, social tensions and political issues

Question 12

What are the pros and cons on a source country in terms of low-wage migration?

Answer 12

• Remittances sent back to families, learn transferrable skills.
• Brain drain, elderly left behind, spiral of decline as services used less.

Question 13

Why are rural-urban migration is increasing rapidly?

Answer 13

• Megacities are growing rapidly due to the rural-urban migration
• By 2050, 3/4 of us will live in cities by urbanization.

Question 14

What is a megacity?

Answer 14

A city of a population of 10 million or more people.

Question 15

What are the push factors of migration?

Answer 15

• Poverty
• Land reform
• Natural disasters
• Conflict
• Droughts
• Unemployment

Question 16

What are the pull factors of migration?

Answer 16

• Jobs
• Better facilities
• Safety
• Housing
• Transport

Question 17

What are remittances?

Answer 17

When migrants send it home as part of their earnings in a form of goods to their families.

Question 18

Outsourcing Case Study: India Biography

Answer 18

• Large educated & English-speaking ppopulation
• Government has invested in infrastructure to attract TNCs

Question 19

Outsourcing Case Study: India Result

Answer 19

Workers earn middle class wages = disposable incomes adds ~ $150 billion to the economy some workers may be exploited repetitive work.

Question 20

What has global shift done as a result of deindustrialization?

Answer 20

• Global shift has resulted in a lot of unemployment as manufacturing industries relocated from West to the East.
• During the 1970s, many factory workers in Europe & the USA lost their jobs due to deindustrialization

Question 21

Deindustrialization Case Study: Detroit

Answer 21

• 4th largest city in the USA due to Ford & General Motors - when they left, the population fell from 1.5M in 1960 to 0.7M in 2012.
• City was declared bankrupt in 2014 one of the highest crime levels in the USA.