2.2 and 2.3 Flashcards
Tissue
a group of cells with similar
structures, working together to perform a
shared function.
Organ
a structure made up of a group
of tissues, working together to perform specific
functions.
Organ system
a group of organs with
related functions, working together to perform
body functions
Organ system examples
animal
circulatory system respiratory system nervous system muscular system skeletal system
Organ examples
animal
Heart Stomach Lungs Brain Liver
Tissue examples
animal
cardiac muscle tissue glandular tissue pleural tissue epithelial tissue fibrous tissue
Specialised cells
They do one particular job
They develop a distinct shape
Special kinds of chemical change takes place in their cytoplasm
Ciliated cells
special feature
Tiny hairs known as cilia that move mucus
Ciliated cells function
Move mucus and bacteria away from the lungs
Sperm cells special feature
Tail to enable sperm to swim.
Sperm cells function
Reproduction, achieved by penetrating an egg cell.
Red blood cells special feature
no nucleus
contains haemoglobin
Red blood cells function
transports oxygen around the body.
Egg cells special feature
- large amounts of cytoplasm containing yolk droplets.
- these yolk droplets are make of protein and fat.
- nucleus carries the genetic information
Egg cell function
reproduction
Nerve cells special feature
- often very long
- has the ability to conduct electrical impulses
- some have fatty sheath present for insulation.
Nerve cells function
carries electrical impulses to and from the brain and spinal cord.
Root hair cells special feature
hair gives a large surface area for absorption
Root hair cells function
absorbs water and mineral ions
anchors the plant firmly in the soil
Xylem cells special feature
arranged to form vessels lack cell walls lack cytoplasm lack cell nucleus the walls become lignified for strength and to make the vessels waterproof.
Xylem cells function
Transports water and mineral ions from roots to leaves.
Palisade mesophyll cells special feature
column shaped
packed with chloroplasts
Palisade mesophyll cells function
trap sunlight to make food by photosynthesis.
Organ system
plants
root system
shoot system
flower
Organs
plants
leaves
stem
roots
stamen
Tissue
plants
epidermis
vascular tissue
xylem tissue
phloem tissue
Magnification
actual size
Actual Size
magnification
The observed size and the actual size must have the
same units.
