2.2-2.3 Review (pp 40-54)

Question 1

the amount of fat in relation to a person’s total body weight

Answer 1

percent body fat

Question 2

refers to the muscle

Answer 2

my-, myo-

Question 3

brachia

Answer 3

refers to the arm

Question 4

Which type of fibers are used for short bursts of maximum strength?

Answer 4

fast-twitch fibers (white fibers)

Question 5

a protective sheath that the bone is covered in

Answer 5

periosteum

Question 6

Which type of joint allows the widest range of motion?

Answer 6

ball-and-socket

Question 7

the wasting away of muscle through lack of use

Answer 7

atrophy

Question 8

exercises that involve exerting amore or less constant force against a moveable resistance

Answer 8

isotonic exercises

Question 9

What segment of the vertebral column is the longest?

Answer 9

thoracic

Question 10

Which vertebrae are the largest?

Answer 10

lumbar

Question 11

refers to the bones

Answer 11

osteo-

Question 12

refers to the arm

Answer 12

brachia

Question 13

List three categories of anaerobic exercises that may be included in weight-training programs.

Answer 13

isometric, isotonic, isokinetic

Question 14

Name the two broad divisions of the skeleton

Answer 14

axial, appendicular

Question 15

exercises that involve little or no outward movement of body parts

Answer 15

isometric exercises

Question 16

Which type of muscle fibers are used for low-intensity endurance activities?

Answer 16

slow-twitch fibers (red fibers)

Question 17

the body’s lower appendages are attached to the axial skeleton

Answer 17

pelvic girdle

Question 18

peri-

Answer 18

“surrounding or enclosing”

Question 19

activities such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, in-line skating, and other nonstop vigorous exercises that improve the condition of the heart and lungs

Answer 19

aerobic

Question 20

Why can anaerobic exercises be sustained for only short periods of time?

Answer 20

because the body’s demand for oxygen is greater than the supply

Question 21

“surrounding or enclosing”

Answer 21

peri-

Question 22

List some benefits of warming up and stretching

Answer 22

increased range of motion, enhanced coordination, improved performance, reduced risk of injuries, reduced risk of cardiovascular problems during a workout, reduced soreness

Question 23

intense activities lasting only short periods

Answer 23

anaerobic

Question 24

What range should determine whether or not to increase or decrease an aerobic activity’s intensity?

Answer 24

training heart rate 70-85% of maximum heart rate

Question 25

my-, myo-

Answer 25

refers to the muscle

Question 26

involve exerting as much force as possible against a resistance that moves at a more or less constant speed

Answer 26

isokinetic exercises

Question 27

the enlargement of muscles through use

Answer 27

hypertrophy

Question 28

osteo-

Answer 28

refers to the bones

Question 29

What kind of movement describes most joints in the body?

Answer 29

freely moveable

Question 30

the slight tension in a relaxed muscle in which a small percentage of muscle fibers are contracted

Answer 30

muscle tone

Question 31

refers to water

Answer 31

hydrate