21st Century Literature

Question 1

• A literary genre which encompasses a number of different genres of fiction, each with speculative elements that are based on conjecture and do not exist in the real world.
• Sometimes called what-if books or stories; changes the laws of what’s real or what’s possible in our current society, and speculates on the outcome.

Answer 1

Speculative Fiction

Question 2

Subgenres

Answer 2

Fantasy
Science Fiction
Horror
Utopia
Dystopia
False Utopia
Alternate History
Apocalyptic
Post-Apocalyptic
Superhero
Supernatural

Question 3

Includes elements and beings originating from or inspired by traditional stories such as mythical creatures.

Answer 3

Fantasy

Question 4

Terrifying stories that incite fear

Answer 4

Horror

Question 4

Features technologies and other elements that do not exist in real life but may be supposed to be created or discovered in the future through scientific advancement.

Answer 4

Science Fiction

Question 4

Takes place in a highly desirable and problem-free society.

Answer 4

Utopia

Question 5

Takes place in a highly undesirable society

Answer 5

Dystopia

Question 6

Focuses on groups of survivors after a massive, worldwide disaster.

Answer 6

Post-Apocalyptic

Question 7

Switch tactic where everything seems perfect on the surface.

Answer 7

False Utopia

Question 8

Focuses on historical events as if they happened in a different way

Answer 8

Alternate History

Question 8

Takes place before and during a massive, worldwide catastrophe.

Answer 8

Apocalyptic

Question 9

Centers on superheroes and their fight against evil forces.

Answer 9

Superhero

Question 10

Exploits or requires some contradictions of the common place natural world.

Answer 10

Supernatural

Question 11

A frail man bullied by other people but gets an incredible strength from a magical bell that makes him a superhero.

Answer 11

Enteng/Captain Barbell

Question 12

An ordinary person who gains superpowers through a magical amulet that guides him in fighting mythical creatures.

Answer 12

Pedro Penduko

Question 13

An ordinary person who gains superpowers through a magical amulet that guides him in fighting mythical creatures.

Answer 13

Pedro Penduko

Question 14

Has unique abilities to stretch his body like rubber and can form into his desired shape.

Answer 14

Lastikman

Question 15

Accidentally engulfs a chemical-laden spider that gives an ability like spiderman.

Answer 15

Gagamboy

Question 16

• The ruling idea of the ruling group that it implants, propagates, and perpetuates so they can keep their ruling status
• The structure of society assumed as the natural order of things

Answer 16

Ideology

Question 16

Ordinary girl transforms into a mighty heroine with super strength and flying abilities after swallowing a magical stone.

Answer 16

Darna

Question 17

• When a state is indirectly controlled by another state via the route of what the former believes in about the latter.
• The economic and political policies by which a great power indirectly maintains or extends its influence over other areas or people.

Answer 17

Neocolonialism

Question 18

The process of offering a role to another

Answer 18

Interpellation

Question 18

• A movement that came after colonialism and is against colonialism; the concept of moving forward after the powers of the colonizers have been shaken off.
• Questioning previous assumptions accepted; rejecting detrimental effects of the colonizing culture; maximizing the good derived from the colonial experience.

Answer 18

Post Colonialism

Question 19

How are these roles maintaned?

Answer 19

Repressive State Apparatus (RSA)
Ideal State Apparatus (ISA)

Question 20

The force of the government which makes sure the objects of interpellation stay within boundaries.

Answer 20

Repressive State Apparatus (RSA)

Question 21

Enforcing images of the ‘ideal’ repetitively by convincing the person to stay in role and keep the given identity

Answer 21

Ideal State Apparatus (ISA)

Question 22

How did we resist?

Answer 22

Rejection Appropriation

Question 23

Complete avoidance of an influence from the colonizer.

Answer 23

Rejection

Question 24

The process of using a foreign form or material to further the goals of one what is fighting for.

Answer 24

Appropriation

Question 25

Reading Strategies

Answer 25

Analyzing Summarizing Annotating Responding Contextualizing

Question 26

Reading Strategies: Looking for evidences, sources and author’s biases

Answer 26

Analyzing

Question 27

Reading Strategies: Identifying the main ideas in the text and expressing them again in one’s own words.

Answer 27

Summarizing

Question 28

Reading Strategies: Considering the historical, cultural or biographical context of the text.

Answer 28

Contextualizing

Question 28

Reading Strategies: Highlighting or making notes of important ideas on the text.

Answer 28

Annotating

Question 29

Reading Strategies: Drawing meaning from what was read and represented in writing or in speech.

Answer 29

Responding

Question 30

- Refers to the background, environment, framework, or events; the details or information that enable readers to understand a literary work. - Being a bridge from writer to reader

Answer 30

Context

Question 31

An author’s life, history, experiences, motivation for writing

Answer 31

Biographical

Question 32

What was going on in the author’s life?

Answer 32

Biographical

Question 33

How does this work fit into the author’s life?

Answer 33

Biographical

Question 33

What personal circumstances, or specific event, either at the time of composition or in the past, motivated the author to write it?

Answer 33

Biographical

Question 34

Are there striking or dramatic words in the text?

Answer 34

Linguistic

Question 35

The choice, arrangement or use of words in the text.

Answer 35

Linguistic

Question 36

What are literary devices or images?

Answer 36

Linguistic

Question 37

What is the structure/form of the text?

Answer 37

Linguistic

Question 38

What is the text saying about the world in general?

Answer 38

Linguistic

Question 39

Response or reference to another work; influences

Answer 39

Literary

Question 40

How is this work different or similar to other texts?

Answer 40

Literary

Question 41

What other works influenced the text?

Answer 41

Literary

Question 41

How does this work reflect or react to principles presented in other texts?

Answer 41

Literary

Question 42

Depiction of society, classes, social issues in the text.

Answer 42

Socio-cultural

Question 43

What is the relationship between the characters or the speakers in the text and their society?

Answer 43

Socio-cultural

Question 44

Does the text address social issues?

Answer 44

Socio-cultural

Question 45

How does this story reflect the nation?

Answer 45

Socio-cultural

Question 46

trends the text promotes or rejects; ideas or beliefs the text provides

Answer 46

Philosophical

Question 47

What philosophy or belief does this text admire or reject?

Answer 47

Philosophical

Question 48

How does this work demonstrate a general truth or observation?

Answer 48

Philosophical

Question 49

How does the author attempt to answer questions about human conditions?

Answer 49

Philosophical

Question 50

- A commitment to a set of principles or values of self-determination, immanent value, affirmation, mutuality, and care. - Eliminates oppression, domination, and hierarchy in all manifestations; a way of living one’s lives and acting in ways that allows others to make choices that affirm them and their perspectives, and that do not oppress and exploit. - Focuses on the achievement of equality for women with men and the development of opportunities for women’s expression and self-fulfilment in all realms of life, without the constraints of gender expectations.

Answer 50

Feminism

Question 51

The Feminist Perspective

Answer 51

It invalidates values and experiences often associated with women. It gives voice to individuals marginalized and devalued by the domain culture. It establishes a value system that privileges mutuality, respect, caring, power-with, and interconnection. It eradicates the ideology of domination

Question 52

Women in Literature - In the study by Dials (2017), the following images of women can be gleaned

Answer 52

submissive frail assertive modern.

Question 53

Emerging Roles of Women

Answer 53

Wife/Mother Independent Revolutionary/Activist Pleasure Seeker