21st Century Flashcards
Literature was derived from Latin word ____ which means ________
littera, letters or handwriting
It is writing as an art form, or any writing deemed to have artistic or
intellectual value, often due to deploying language in ways that
differ from ordinary usage.
Literature
Generally as any body of written works that is written and produced in any country, language or age for a specific purpose such as information, education or
entertainment to the reader, which can be fictional or
non-fictional in nature.
Literature
the medium of LITERATURE is _______
Language
any written or spoken language which possesses aesthetic quality.
Literature
It refers to a French Phrase ________ meaning _______
belles-lettres, beautiful writing
classifications of literature
prose and poetry
It uses ordinary form of language.
prose
It imitates the spoken language.
prose
Writings that do not adhere to
any particular formal structure.
prose
fairytales
folk tales
novels
legends
fables
short stories
fiction
biography and
autobiography
journals and diaries
memoirs
reports
narratives
personal letters
non-fiction
It is a composition written in verse.
poetry
A literary work in metrical or
rhythmic form or patterned language.
poetry
It is written or spoken designed to
pleasure through beautiful,
elevated, imaginative or profound thought
poetry
3 types of poetry
lyric poetry
narrative poetry
dramatic poetry
a short subjective poem expressing in a song-like manner the author’s innermost thoughts & feelings; originally was sung to the accompaniment of a lyre
lyric poetry
song, sonnet, ode, elegy
lyric poetry
a kind of poetry which tell a story
narrative poetry
ballad, metrical tale, metrical romance, epic
narrative poetry
poetry written specifically for the theater. This type of poetry can often be lyrical in nature, such as when a character in a play gives a dramatic monologue
dramatic poetry
tragedy, tragi-comedy, melodrama, comedy, farce, closet drama
dramatic poetry
He is a poet and nonfiction writer
from Cebu, Philippines. Currently a Lecturer at Yale-NUS.
Lawrence Lacambra Ypil
He earned his first Masters of Fine Arts in Creative Writing (Poetry) while on a Fulbright fellowship
at Washington University in St Louis, and another MFA in Non-Fiction Writing from the Iowa Writers’ Workshop
Lawrence Lacambra Ypil
describes the process of writing this book as revealing both historical place and
himself: “By looking at the photographs, I ended up looking through them, and eventually
discovered myself. It felt like looking at beautiful, deep, dark mirrors.”
Lawrence Lacambra Ypil
more than to paint a picture; it stirs emotions and anchors memories.
imagery
types of imagery
visual
olfactory
gustatory
tactile
auditory
the first system of writing that was used by our ancestors in the Philippines before the arrival
of the Spaniards; this was similar
to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet
baybayin (alibata)
Whatever record our ancestors left were either burned by the Spanish friars in the belief that they were works of the devil or were written on materials that easily perished, like the _______________ which could not have remained undestroyed even if efforts were made to preserve them.
barks of trees
dried leaves
bamboo cylinders
transmitted from one generation to another by word of mouth.
oral tradition
a form of prose the common theme of which is about the
origin of a thing, place, location or name. The events are imaginary, devoid of truth and unbelievable. Old Filipino customs are reflected in these legends. Its aim is to
entertain.
legends
an example of a legend
the legend of the tagalogs
made up of stories about life,
adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons about life. These are useful to us because they help us appreciate
our environment, evaluate our personalities and improve our perspectives in life.
folk tales (mga kwentong bayan)
example of folk tales
the moon and the sun
are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
epics
- A form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles
- repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naïve
- traditional songs and melodies
- inspired by the reaction of the people to their environment
folk songs (awiting bayan)
one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These
songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables.
folk songs (awiting bayan)
These have been customarily used and served as laws or rules
on good behavior by our ancestors. To others, these are like allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young.
epigrams (salawikain)
It is a phrase with its own
meaning that cannot be deduced from the meanings of the words that make up the phrase
idioms (sawikain)
Some are rhyming couplets with
verses of 5, 6 or 8 syllables, each line having the same number of syllables
maxims (sabi-sabi)
These are made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of four to 12 syllables.
riddles (bugtong) or palaisipan
Used in witchcraft or
enchantments
chants (bulong)
Used in teasing or to
comment on a persons’ actuations
sayings (kasabihan)
A quatrain with seven syllables
each with the same rhyme at the end of each line
tanaga
traditional poetry of the Hanunoo
Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on bamboo using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system called the
Surat Mangyan .
ambahan
seven syllable metric lines, composed of more than four lines and usually chanted
ambahan
traditional stories occurring in a timeless past. They involve supernatural elements and are beyond the
frontiers of logic.
myths
It is derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the
traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This refers to a
wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines
myths
- is a type of narrative poem that has an
- absolute acquired story that is usually
- in the form of verse or poem
ancient metrical tales (pansukat kwento)
the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy,
Pambukhayon
aliguyon
tells of the adventuresv of Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary
powers at a very early age.
biah ni lam-ang
the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, Bantiong
ibalon
⚫ oldest and longest epic poem in Panay
⚫ the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod brothers, Labaw
Donggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of ancient Panay
hinilawod
is widely described as the “enfant
terrible” of Bikol writing.
Kristian Sendon Cordero
He has multiple Palanca awards in poetry, fiction, and the essay.
He is well-anthologized poet, and has published collections of
his own, such as Canticos: Apat na Boses and Labi.
Kristian Sendon Cordero
He is an educator being an assistant professor at the Ateneo de Naga University.
Kristian Sendon Cordero
is a very rich one carrying a very
distinct view of Mayon Volcano.
Cordero’s poem
He is a native of Bicol who
writes with a certain level of
familiarity with the volcano.
Kristian Sendon Cordero
