2.1c - Identification and Taxonomy Flashcards
Identification of an organism in a sample can be made by…
using classification guides, biological keys or analysis of DNA or protein
Organisms can be classified by both…
taxonomy and phylogenetics
Taxonomy involves…
the identification and naming of organisms and their classification into groups based on shared characteristics
Classic taxonomy classification is based on…
morphology
Phylogenetics is…
the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms
What is a phylogeny/phylogenetic tree?
a diagrammatic hypothesis of one organisms relationships to other organisms
How can inferences about an organism’s evolutionary history and a phylogeny/phylogenetic tree be created
b using heritable traits such as morphology, DNA sequences and protein structure
Genetic evidence can reveal…
relatedness obscured by divergent or convergent evolution
Phylogenetics is changing the…
traditional classification of many organisms
Familiarity with taxonomic groupings allows…
predictions and inferences to be made about the biology of an organism from better known organism (model) organisms
3 examples of taxonomic groups are…
nematodes, arthropods and chordates
Key characteristics of nematodes include…
round worms: very diverse, many parasitic
Key characteristics of arthropods include…
joint legged invertebrates: segmented body typically with paired appendages
Key characteristics of chordates include..
sea squirts & vertebrates: nerve chord along dorsal side, chord may be protected by bone
Model organisms are those that…
are either easily studied or have been well studied
