219 - Malaria Flashcards
Falciparum and malariae are more common in __.
Africa
Vivax is more common in ___
central America
Death due to malaria is usually caused by the __ strein.
falciparum
Initial infection is defined by unspecific signs- 5
fever headache weakness/tiredness myalgia vomiting/nausea
Other symptoms may include- 3
orthostatic hypotension
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
Seizure is a possible symptoms in the __ strain.
falciparum
Paroxysmal fever is a possible symptoms in the __ and __ strains.
vivax
ovale
Severe falciparum infection can cause __
MOF
Cerebral malaria is defined by: 5
coma delirium encephalopathy seizures normal CSF (no neck stiffness/photophobia)
What are bad prognostic factors in malaria infection? 7
hypoglycemia (hepatic damage) acidosis pulmonary edema renal failure severe anemia DIC jaundice
What are the long term complications in malaria? 2
immunogenic nephropathy
Burkitt’s lymphoma
How malaria is diagnosed?
thin/thick drop in peripheral blood
Giemsa stain
In benign disease (malariae/ovale/vivax) treat with-
chloroquine or amodiaquine
In falciparum treat with a combination of drugs:
artesunate + sulfadoxine
or
artesunate + amodiaquine
What is the second line of treatment for falciparum?
clindamycin/doxycycline/tetracycline
plus
artesunate/quinine
