2.15-2.17 movement in and out of cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Define the term diffusion

A

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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2
Q

Define the term osmosis

A

movement of water molecules from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane

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3
Q

Define the term active transport

A

the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration across a semi-permeable membrane against a concentration gradient

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4
Q

Which factors affect diffusion?

A

Temperature (the higher the faster)

Surface area to volume ratio (larger surface area faster smaller volume faster)

Concentration gradient (the steeper the faster)

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5
Q

How do you calculate surface area?

A

the area of each face and add them together

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6
Q

How do you calculate volume?

A

multiply length times width times height

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7
Q

How do you compare surface area to volume?

A

Divide surface area by volume to find the ratio

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8
Q

PRACTICAL (investigating osmosis)

A

1- use a cork borer to cut five potato cylinders of the same diameter

2-use a scalpel and ruler to cut each cylinder to the same length

3-measure the mass of each cylinder and record your results in a results table

4-measure 10cm^3 of each sugar or salt solution into each boiling tube making sure to label it correctly going up by 0.25 Mol/dm^3 everytime

5-add one cylinder and leave for a specific amount of time

6-remove potatoes and plot dry & record final mass

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9
Q

Interpreting results

A

(water always moves from a higher to lower water concentration)

-Decreased mass means net osmosis out of cell (water concentration higher out of cylinder)

-Increased mass means net osmosis into cell (water concentration higher in cylinder)

-Same mass means no net osmosis (same water concentration in and out of cylinder)

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