2.12

Question 1

Economic effects
Receiving Countries

Answer 1

• labor sourced for less desirable/low paying work
  
  • Agriculture, construction, service industries
  • Reduce available jobs for citizens of the country
• immigrants often open businesses
  
  • Shops, restaurants, nail salons

Question 2

Economic Effects
Countries of Origin

Answer 2

Economic improvements
- decrease in unemployment
- less strain on resources
- Remittances support the economy
Brain drain
- 25% of doctors in the US are born in another country

Question 3

Brain Drain

Answer 3

Loss of trained or educated people to emigration

Question 4

Social & Demographic Effects of Immigration
Receiving countries

Answer 4

Cultural contributions: Immigrants bring aspects of their home culture with them (e.g. music, food, literature, religion, etc.)
-Could spur backlash
Demographic Change
- Main source of population growth in Stages 4 + 5 since 1990s
-Age composition: Most immigrants working-age which reduces the dependency ratios and provides tax support for the young and elderly

Question 5

Social & Demographic Effects of Immigration
Countries of origin

Answer 5

Demographic Change
- Unbalanced sex ratios (Shortage of men in the country)
- Dependency ratio: Oftentimes the young and the elderly are left behind
- Changes the traditional family structure
Relief from overcrowding

Question 6

Political Effects of Immigration
Receiving Countries and countries of origin

Answer 6

Immigration restrictions: laws to restrict immigration due to xenophobia or the desire to limit cultural diversity
- E.g. united states
Laws that encourage immigration
- Guest worker programs
- Family reunification