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Mikey's RHS > 2104 -Seed Propagation in Containers > Flashcards

2104 -Seed Propagation in Containers Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Containers

A 
Pots
Seed Trays
Plug Trays
Modules
Root Rrainers
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2
Q

Modular Tray

A
  • Minimise root disturbance (plants that resent it)
  • No need to prick out, less labour
  • Take up more space, fewer plants
  • Not often re-usable
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3
Q

Seed Tray

A
  • Less space, more plant
  • re-usable
  • quick & easy to prepare
  • suitable for plant that do not mind root disturbance
  • plants that are not susceptible to damping off
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4
Q

Examples of Seed prop in - Tree, Shrub, Conifer, Perennial, Hedging, Bedding

A 
Tree:
Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior
Shrub: 
Mahonia aquifolium, Fatsia japonica
Conifer:
Pinus nigra
Herbaceous Perennial:
Geum 'Mrs Bradshaw', Echinacea purpurea
Bedding:
Lobelia erinus, Tagetes patula, Tagetes erecta, Cosmos bipinnatus
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5
Q

Seed sowing checklist

A
  • Low fertility, sterile compost eg. J.I seed compost
  • Container appropriate for seed number and density
  • Fill and strike (striking-off board)
  • Gently firm (firming board) for seed contact
  • Sow (dibber if necessary)
  • Cover
  • Water (fine rose, or from underneath)
  • Label with China Pencil
  • Correct environment, cold frame, prop frame, glass cover
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6
Q

Growing Medium must be….

A
  • Friable (fro too penetration)
  • Moisture Retentive (hold/provide adequate water)
  • Well drained/aerated (Sufficient Oxygen supply)
  • Low fertility (scorch roots and prevent P&D)
  • Sterile (free of P&D)
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7
Q

Large Seeds

A

Sown in individual modules, 7cm pots or plugs

Cucurbita pepo

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8
Q

Medium Seeds

A

Sown on seed tray, sprinkled finely and covered with compost.

Lactuca sativa

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9
Q

Fine Seeds

A

Mixed with dry silver sand to enable even distribution.
Sown on surface of seed tray and left uncovered.

Begonia semperflorens

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10
Q

Sowing aftercare

A
  • Keep at optimum temperature for species
  • keep moist with clean water
  • keep covered, protected environment
  • Remove cover when seedlings emerge, increased ventilation and reduction of fungal disease
  • Monitor for P&D regularly, take appropriate action
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11
Q

Breaking Physical Dormany

A
  • Scarification
    deliberate controlled damage to the seed coat, allowing water to enter. Nicking seeds with a sharp knife.
  • Soaking in very hot water
  • Soak in Sulphuric acid, but risk to Embryo
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12
Q

Breaking Physiological Dormancy

A
  • Stratification
    Deliberate and controlled exposure to period of cold, or warm then cold.
    Can mimic seeds natural environment, period of winter.
    Put seeds in the fridge.
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13
Q

Pricking Out

A
  • Seeds that have grown in a seed tray
  • Moves seeds from seed tray to individual modules or pots. (potting)
  • Requires Care
  • Best done in morning, cooler, retains moisture
  • Grade seedlings, reject weak or diseased
  • dibber and plant up to seed leaves
  • water well and place in suitable environment, away from direct sunlight and temperature extremes
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14
Q

Seedling Aftercare

A
  • Can benefit from bottom heat (16-21c) species specific
  • Shade from direct sunlight
  • Good ventilation to avoid Damping Off
  • Monitor soil moisture
  • Check for P&D regularly, remove dead diseased plants
  • Harden off gradually, protecting from temperature extremes
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15
Q

Seedling Diseases

A
  • Damping Off

- Botrytis

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16
Q

Damping Off

A

Damping Off:

  • Soil Borne fungus
  • Causes collapse and decay

Cause:

  • High Humidity
  • Poor air circulation
  • Seedlings sown too thick

Control:

  • Sterile/Semi-sterile compost
  • Sterile potting equipment (seed/trays w/ Jeyes Fluid)
  • Sow thinly to avoid overcrowding
  • Clean Water, not rain water
  • Keep well ventilated, reduce humidity
17
Q

Botrytis

A

Botrytis:

  • Grey Mould Disease
  • Wounded or stressed plants, but can infect healthy

Cause:

  • Common under glass
  • High humidity
  • Overcrowded

Control:

  • Hygiene
  • Remove infected material
  • reduce humidity and increase ventilation
18
Q

Seedling Pests

A

Slugs/Snails: Rasping, Seedling eaten at ground level

  • avoid mess, hiding places
  • nematodes

Mice: Seedlings eaten

  • Traps
  • Cover seedlings with mesh
19
Q

Outdoor Propagation - plant types

A
  • Hardy Annuals
  • Hardy Perennials
  • Many Vegetables
20
Q

Outdoor Propagation - Methods

A
  • Broadcast: Lolium perenne (grass)
  • Drills: Daucus carota
  • Station: Pastinaca sativa
  • Trench: Pisum sativum
  • Individual: Phaseolous coccineus (runner beans)
21
Q

Soil Cultivation- Primary, Secondary, Tilth

A

Primary:
- remove large stones or rock
- remove treat pernicious weeds
Stellaria media (annual) Elymus repans (perennial)
- stale seed bed
(allow seeds to grow, hoeing and repeat before sowing intended crop)

  • Single / Double digging
  • Incorporate well rotted organic matter

Secondary:

  • Breaking down soil clods
  • raking level
  • consolidated (removing air pockets)

Tilth Production:

  • Add fertiliser if necessary
  • Rake to sufficiently fine tilth for crop/seed
22
Q

Broadcasting (grass/meadows)

A
  • mostly lawn seeds and annual meadows
  • plot divided into metre squares
  • seed scatered according to manufacturer’s direction
  • seed can be combined with fine sand for more even application
  • one direction, followed by another at right angle to ensure full coverage

Lolium perenne (rye grass)

23
Q

V Drills (carrot)

A
  • medium and large vegetable seeds
  • easily distinguish between weeds and crop
  • taught line or board to achieve straight line
  • use a hoe to required depth
  • sow seed at required spacing
  • draw soil back into Drill, gently watered

Daucus carota

24
Q

Flat bottomed Drills / Trench (pea)

A

Similar to V Drill

Pisum sativum

25
Q

Station Sowing (Parsnip 2/3)

A

Sow two or three seeds every few centimetre along a drill. More economical, less thinning out.

  • Pastinaca sativa
26
Q

Station Sowing (Runner Bean individual)

A

Sow seeds individually along a trench.
Usually at the base of a support for runner bean.

  • Phaseolous cooccineus
27
Q

Outdoor seedling aftercare

A
  • Label: genus, species, date (sturdy, china pencil)
  • monitor moisture levels
  • thin out if necessary, remove weak seedlings
  • control weeds
  • Monitor for Pests and Disease

Mikey's RHS (30 decks)

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