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Geography > 2.1 Tongariro Volcanic Centre- Aspect 2 > Flashcards

2.1 Tongariro Volcanic Centre- Aspect 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Annual Rainfall- Western Slopes

A

2838mm (or 2800mm)

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2
Q

Rainfall- Western Foothills

A

1320mm (or 1300mm)

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3
Q

Rainfall- Mountain Peaks

A

3900mm

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4
Q

Rainfall- Eastern Slopes

A

1048mm (or 1050mm)

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5
Q

Temperature- Western Foothills

A

10.1°C

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6
Q

Temperature- Western Slopes

A

7.2°C

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7
Q

Temperature- Mountain Peaks

A

3°C

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8
Q

Temperature- Eastern Slopes

A

8.9°C

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9
Q

Mt Ruapehu Height
(also max height in Mountain Peaks)

A

2797m

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10
Q

Adiabatic Lapse Rate

A

4°C decrease for every 1000m increase

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11
Q

What area has a dry climate due to orographic rainfall?

A

Leeward Side
Rain shadow Area
Eastern Slopes (eg. Rangipo Desert)

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12
Q

What is it called when different vegetation grows at different altitudes?

A

Altitudinal Zonation

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13
Q

Where are scree slopes found?

A

On the Slopes of Mt Ruapehu

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14
Q

Elevation of Western Foothills

A

600m

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15
Q

When was the Ice Age?

A

20,000 years ago

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16
Q

What do glaciers lead to?

A

Glaciers lead to glacial erosion which produces U-shaped valleys through the processes of plucking and abrasion such as the 5km long Mangatepopo Valley.

17
Q

Water erosion

A

Fluvial Erosion

18
Q

Wind Erosion

A

Aeolian Erosion

19
Q

Example of V-shaped Valley

A

Wairere Valley

20
Q

Vegetation in the Western Foothills

A

Podocarp Forests and Beech Forests

21
Q

Vegetation on Western Slopes

A

Mountain Daisy
Inaka
Hebe
Snowberry

22
Q

Vegetation on Mountain Peaks

A

Moss, Lichen, small alpine plants

23
Q

Vegetation in Eastern Slopes

A

Tussock (bristle, red)
Matweed (Raoulia)

24
Q

Vegetation after 2000m

A

None. Only bare rock is found

25
Q

Which mountain formed first?

A

Mt. Tongariro

26
Q

When did Mt. Ruapehu form?

A

250,000 years ago

27
Q

When did Mt. Ngauruhoe form?

A

2,500 years ago

28
Q

What landform features does the interaction between Tectonic Plate Movement and Volcanism produce?

A

Relief Characteristics:
Lava Flows
Lahar Mounds
Hot Springs
Crater Lakes
Craters

29
Q

Which plate subducts under the other?

A

The Pacific Plate subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate

30
Q

How many glaciers are there on Mt. Ruapehu?
Name one example

A

5 glaciers
Whakapapa Glacier

31
Q

What does the interaction between relief and climate produce?

A

Relief characteristics
Climate characteristics

32
Q

Diagram for
Climate –> Relief

A

Scree slopes diagram

33
Q

Diagram for
Relief –> Climate

A

Orographic rainfall diagram

34
Q

Diagram for
Tectonic plate movement –> Volcanism

A

Subduction diagram

35
Q

Average height in the western slopes region

A

1800m

36
Q

When did the subduction occur?

A

In Gondwanaland, approximately 200 million years ago

Geography (9 decks)

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