21 JAN 2017 1348 IM Flashcards

1
Q

what level is diagnostic for gastrinoma?

A

fasting gastrin level over 1000 pg/mL

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2
Q

what stimulates the release of gastrin from gastrinoma cells?

A
  • secretin
  • (normal gastric G cells are inhibited by secretin; therefore secretin administration should not case a rise in serum gastrin concentrations in patients with other causes of hypergastrinemia)
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3
Q

what is the gold standard diagnostic evaluation for type 2 heparin inducted thrombocytopenia?

A

serotonin release assay

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4
Q

patients with pernicious anemia need to be monitored for the development of what type of cancer?

A

gastric

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5
Q

what are the most frequent location of the ectopic foci that cause atrial fibrillation?

A

pulmonary veins

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6
Q

what is westermark’s sign? it can be seen in what condition?

A
  • peripheral hyperlucency due to oligemia

- PE

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7
Q

what is hampton’s hump? it can be seen in what condition?

A
  • peripheral wedge of lung opacity due to pulmonary infarction
  • PE
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8
Q

what is fleischner sign? it can be seen in what condition?

A
  • enlarged pulmonary artery

- PE

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9
Q

what is the treatment for hemophilia A and B?

A
  • factor VIII (A) or factor IX (B)

- desmopressin for mild hemophilia A

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10
Q

morning stiffness for over one hour is indicative of ________

A

RA

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11
Q

TTP pentad

A
  • thrombocytopenia
  • microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (schistocytes)
  • renal insufficiency
  • neurologic changes
  • fever
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12
Q

how can TTP and DIC be differentiated? how can TTP be differentiated from HUS?

A
  • in TTP lab markers (PT) are normal; in DIC they are abnormal
  • HUS is due to e. coli O157:H7 and is primarily a disorder of the renal system; neuro findings and fever are uncommon in HUS
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13
Q

how is TTP treated?

A

plasma exchange

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14
Q

what is Felty syndrome? what is the classic triad?

A
  • severe, seropositive RA with increased risk for extra-articular manifestations (vasculitis, skin ulcers)
  • inflammatory arthritis, splenomegaly, neutropenia
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15
Q

how is the defect in INO described?

A
  • affected eye (ipsilateral to lesion) is unable to adduct and the contralateral eye abducts with nystagmus
  • convergence and pupillary light reflex are preserved
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16
Q

what would be observed in damage to the edinger westphal nucleus?

A

ipsilateral fixed and dilated pupil that is nonreactive to light or accomodation

17
Q

INO is due to damage of the ________

A

MLF

18
Q
  • unilateral MLF lesions can occur with what type of stroke?
  • bilateral MLF lesions can occur with __________
A
  • unilateral MLF lesions: lacunar stroke in the pontine artery distribution
  • bilateral MLF lesions: multiple sclerosis