11 APR 2017 0922 MIX

Question 1

what is the most common risk factor for placental abruption?

Answer 1

HTN

Question 2

what is the pathophysiology of renal failure in the context of rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 2

ATN from excessive filtered myoglobin

Question 3

what kind of drugs can cause macrocytic anemia?

Answer 3

• trimethoprim
• phenytoin
• methotrexate
• hydroxyurea

Question 4

sickle cell disease is a chronic ________________ (microcytic / normocytic / macrocytic) anemia with ______________ (appropriate / inappropriate) reticulocytosis response

Answer 4

• normocytic

- appropriate

Question 5

what is the imaging modality of choice for vertebral osteomyelitis?

Answer 5

MRI

Question 6

a normal A-a gradient is under _____

Answer 6

15

Question 7

the A-a gradient is a measure of:

Answer 7

oxygen transfer from the alveoli to the blood

Question 8

hypoventilation is associated with a ______________ (low / normal / high) A-a gradient

Answer 8

normal

Question 9

what is the role for cerclage?

Answer 9

• hx of second trimester deliveries

- short (under 2.5 cm) cervical length

Question 10

what is felty syndrome? what is it characterized by?

Answer 10

• clinical disorder seen in patients with severe, longstanding (over 10 yrs) RA
• characterized by neutropenia and splenomegaly

*splenomegaly without neutropenia can also occur in patients with RA, but the diagnosis of Felty syndrome should not be made in the absence of neutropenia

Question 11

what are the components of the biophysical profile?

Answer 11

• nonstress test
• amniotic fluid volume
• fetal movements
• fetal tone
• fetal breathing movements

Question 12

what are the normal findings of the biophysical profile?

Answer 12

• nonstress test: reactive FHR monitoring
• amniotic fluid volume: single fluid pocket 2x1 cm or greater, or amniotic fluid index over 5
• fetal movements: 3 or more general body movements
• fetal tone: 1 or more episodes of flexion / extension of fetal limbs or spine
• fetal breathing movements: 1 or more breathing episodes for 30s or more

Question 13

what is the first line treatment for bullous pemphigoid?

Answer 13

high potency topical steroids (clobetasol)

Question 14

what is the treatment for dermatitis herpetiformis?

Answer 14

• oral dapsone

- elimination of gluten

Question 15

what is effect modification?

Answer 15

when an external variable positively or negatively impacts the effect of a risk factor on the disease of interest

Question 16

what are the two most common organisms responsible for deep (puncture) wound infections?

Answer 16

• pseudomonas

- staph aureus

Question 17

puncture wound through the sole of a shoe - what organism should you think of?

Answer 17

pseudomonas

Question 18

tracheal narrowing and ulceration is typical of:

Answer 18

granulomatosis with polyangiitis (wegeners)