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unit 2 bio > 2.1- gamete production and fertilisation > Flashcards

2.1- gamete production and fertilisation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the male gametes?

A

sperm

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2
Q

what are the female gametes?

A

ova (eggs)

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3
Q

how are sperm formed?

A

sperm formed by germline cells in tiny tubes called seminiferous tubules within the testes

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4
Q

what happens when the seminiferous tubules unite?

A

the seminiferous tubules unite to form coiled tubes that connect the sperm duct

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5
Q

how do sperm leave the testis?

A

via the sperm duct

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6
Q

how is testosterone produced?

A

testosterone produced by the interstitial cells located in the tissue between the seminiferous tubules

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7
Q

where does testosterone pass to?

A

the bloodstream

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8
Q

when are sperm released?

A

during sexual intercourse

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9
Q

how do the sperm move once released?

A

actively through the uterus and along the oviducts where they may meet an egg

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10
Q

what do the prostate gland and seminal vesicles do?

A

secrete fluids that maintain the mobility and viability of the sperm

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11
Q

what do the seminal vesicles secrete and what does it do?

A

seminal vesicles secrete a liquid rich in fructose

provides sperm with energy needed for mobility following their release by the male at ejaculation

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12
Q

what does the prostate gland secrete and 2 things it does?

A

prostate gland secretes a thin lubricating liquid containing enzymes

help to maintain the medium for optimum sperm mobility

controls viscosity

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13
Q

what is the collective name given to the liquids secreted by the prostate gland and seminal vesicles?

A

semen

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14
Q

what are the prostate gland and seminal vesicles known as?

A

accessory glands

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15
Q

how are ova formed?

A

germline cells in the ovaries

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16
Q

what do ovaries contain?

A

immature eggs at various stages of development

17
Q

what is each ovum surrounded by?

A

a follicle

18
Q

2 functions of the follices

A

secrete hormone oestrogen

protects the developing ovum

19
Q

what happens to the follicle following ovulation?

A

develops into a corpus luteum

20
Q

what does the corpus luteum do?

A

secretes hormone progesterone

21
Q

when and where are ova released?

A

when the ova become mature

at ovulation

into the oviduct

22
Q

how is each ovum moved when released?

A

passively moved along the cilia of the oviduct

23
Q

what happens if sperm are present when the ovum is released?

A

fertilisation occurs in the oviduct

24
Q

what is formed when an ovum is fertilised by a sperm cell?

A

zygote

unit 2 bio (10 decks)

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