2.1 Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

Nucleus structure

Answer 1

Surrounded by a double membrane.
Contains pores
Contains chromatin and a nucleolus

Question 2

Nucleulus

Answer 2

Extra dense area containing almost pure DNA and proteins playing a role in the production of ribososmes aswell as the control of cell growth and division

Question 3

Nucleus structural adaptations

Answer 3

Nuclear envelope contain pores that enable molecules to enter and leave the nucleus
Contains chromatin and a nucleolus which is the site of ribosome

Question 4

Mitochondria structure

Answer 4

Bound by a double membrane( inner+outer) folded forming cristae increasing sa.
DNA and enzymes found in the matrix needed for cellular respiration.
ATP is produced in the mitochondria through cellular respiration.
ATP - are molecules that store and release energy for respiration

Question 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum structure

Answer 5

The RER
is the site of protein synthesis and the ribosome is attached to its surfaces, these
Proteins can be transferred out
SER
Site of synthesis of lipids and phospholipids
System of membrane bound sacs
The SER synthesises and processes lipids and steroids

Question 6

Golgi apparatus for processes

Answer 6

A series in fluid filled, flattened and curved sacs called cisternae with vesicles surrounding the edges allowing and are modified in the Golgi apparatus.
Sorts process and packages proteins and lipids also producing lysosomes.

Question 7

80s vs 70s ribosomes

Answer 7

70s ribosomes are found in prokaryotes composed of large 50s subunits and small 30s

80s ribosomes found in eukaryotes composed of large 60s and small 40s subunits

Question 8

Bacteria cell wall structure

Answer 8

Cell wall prevents cell swelling and bursting when placed in a solution in a lower solute concentration. Maintaining the shape of the bacteria.
Made of a peptide can cell wall which is a large molecule containing parallel polysaccharide chains with short peptide cross links.