2.1: Communication Modes

Question 1

What are the 3 decisions that must be made for Children with HI?

Answer 1

Communication Mode
Educational Placement
Listening Device

Question 2

What are the 4 Communication Modes?

Answer 2

American Sign Language
Total (Simultaneous) Communication / Manually Coded English
Cued Speech
Oral/Aural Communication (LSL) (A-O & A-V)

Question 3

T/F: Speech = Language

Answer 3

False!

Question 4

Language is a way to represent our _________, ________________, and _____________ of the world.

Answer 4

ideas; experiences, concept

Question 5

_______________ is one way to express linguistic concepts.

Answer 5

Speech

Question 6

T/F: In ASL, the signs represent words.

Answer 6

False. Signs represent concepts.

Question 7

This communication mode has a bilingual-bicultural instructional model. English is taught as a second language for reading and writing.

Answer 7

ASL

Question 8

This manual representation of English words is signed in English word order

Answer 8

Manually Coded English (MCE)

Question 9

With MCE, ____________ often accompanies signs.

Answer 9

speech

Question 10

With this instructional model of communication, all modes of communication are used to convey instructional content.

Answer 10

Total Communication (TC) (Simultaneous Communication)

Question 11

What are the modes of communication used with TC?

Answer 11

Signs
Written and Spoken English
Gestures 
Listening Devices 
Speechreading

Question 12

This system of communication uses phonetically based hand gestures and shapes near the face to supplement speechreading

Answer 12

Cued Speech

Question 13

Cued Speech uses ______ hand shapes to distinguish consonants and ______ locations to distinguish vowels

Answer 13

eight; six

Question 14

In cued speech, hand cues must be combined with _____________ _____________.

Answer 14

speech signal

Question 15

Pros to Cued Speech

Answer 15

Literacy skills more on par with Hearing peers

Supports speech development when used with speech therapy

Question 16

Cons to Cued Speech

Answer 16

Limited number of programs and users

Restricts participation in the Deaf Community

Question 17

This approach uses spoken language for expressive communication

Answer 17

Aural/Oral Language

Question 18

The form of Aural/Oral language that uses listening (hearing) and vision (speechreading) and sometimes touch cues

Answer 18

Multisensory Approach; Auditory-Oral

Question 19

The form of Aural/Oral language that emphasizes audition over vision

Answer 19

Unisensory Approach: Auditory-Verbal

Question 20

Auditory-Verbal is also referred to as what?

Answer 20

Listening and Spoken Language (LSL)

Question 21

LSLS

Answer 21

Listening and Spoken Language Specialists

Question 22

T/F: LSL requires consistent use of HAs or CI.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

A main goal of LSL is for the child to attend ___________________ _________________.

Answer 23

mainstream education

Question 24

Who are the most important teachers in LSL?

Answer 24

Parents and caregivers.

Question 25

Who should make the final decision for a HI child’s communication method?

Answer 25

The parents

Question 26

Name some factors that might influence communication choices

Answer 26

Degree of HL
Age of onset
Natural attempts to communicate
Family values
Other Disabilities
Programs & therapists available
Counseling Received

Question 27

A positive partnership between the ______________ and the __________________ is vital to the success of any communication method for a child with a HI.

Answer 27

Parent; Professional

Question 28

4 Types of Factors that Influence the communication mode decision

Answer 28

Location
Professional Counseling
Family Variables
Child Variables

Question 29

Pros to Bi-Bi Approach (ASL)

Answer 29

Visual language accessible during critical period of language acquisition
Increased self-esteem and confidence due to Deaf Community
Children can build on ASL to learn

Question 30

Cons to Bi-Bi Approach (ASL)

Answer 30

Limited data on student achievement
Limited number of signers, esp. in rural areas
If no fluent language model, Deaf children’s language won’t develop optimally or naturally
Deaf children using Bi-Bi lag behind in literacy skills

Question 31

Pros to TC (Simultaneous)

Answer 31

Higher receptive English vocab

Doesn’t prevent use of speech

Question 32

Cons to TC

Answer 32

Child may not develop a rich language base in either language

Question 33

Pros to Aural/Oral Communication

Answer 33

Better literacy development

Speech intelligibility often better

Question 34

Cons to Aural/Oral Communication

Answer 34

Relies heavily on early access

Relies heavily on parental involvement and modeling

Question 35

T/F There is a standard definition of communication success by which we can evaluate a communication mode’s effectiveness.

Answer 35

Fase. There is no standard, which makes research and comparisons problematic.

Question 36

When guiding a family through their decision regarding communication modes, it is important to be aware of your own __________.

Answer 36

Biases.