2.1: Communication Modes Flashcards
What are the 3 decisions that must be made for Children with HI?
Communication Mode
Educational Placement
Listening Device
What are the 4 Communication Modes?
American Sign Language
Total (Simultaneous) Communication / Manually Coded English
Cued Speech
Oral/Aural Communication (LSL) (A-O & A-V)
T/F: Speech = Language
False!
Language is a way to represent our _________, ________________, and _____________ of the world.
ideas; experiences, concept
_______________ is one way to express linguistic concepts.
Speech
T/F: In ASL, the signs represent words.
False. Signs represent concepts.
This communication mode has a bilingual-bicultural instructional model. English is taught as a second language for reading and writing.
ASL
This manual representation of English words is signed in English word order
Manually Coded English (MCE)
With MCE, ____________ often accompanies signs.
speech
With this instructional model of communication, all modes of communication are used to convey instructional content.
Total Communication (TC) (Simultaneous Communication)
What are the modes of communication used with TC?
Signs Written and Spoken English Gestures Listening Devices Speechreading
This system of communication uses phonetically based hand gestures and shapes near the face to supplement speechreading
Cued Speech
Cued Speech uses ______ hand shapes to distinguish consonants and ______ locations to distinguish vowels
eight; six
In cued speech, hand cues must be combined with _____________ _____________.
speech signal
Pros to Cued Speech
Literacy skills more on par with Hearing peers
Supports speech development when used with speech therapy
Cons to Cued Speech
Limited number of programs and users
Restricts participation in the Deaf Community
This approach uses spoken language for expressive communication
Aural/Oral Language
The form of Aural/Oral language that uses listening (hearing) and vision (speechreading) and sometimes touch cues
Multisensory Approach; Auditory-Oral
The form of Aural/Oral language that emphasizes audition over vision
Unisensory Approach: Auditory-Verbal
Auditory-Verbal is also referred to as what?
Listening and Spoken Language (LSL)
LSLS
Listening and Spoken Language Specialists
T/F: LSL requires consistent use of HAs or CI.
True.
A main goal of LSL is for the child to attend ___________________ _________________.
mainstream education
Who are the most important teachers in LSL?
Parents and caregivers.
Who should make the final decision for a HI child’s communication method?
The parents
Name some factors that might influence communication choices
Degree of HL Age of onset Natural attempts to communicate Family values Other Disabilities Programs & therapists available Counseling Received
A positive partnership between the ______________ and the __________________ is vital to the success of any communication method for a child with a HI.
Parent; Professional
4 Types of Factors that Influence the communication mode decision
Location
Professional Counseling
Family Variables
Child Variables
Pros to Bi-Bi Approach (ASL)
Visual language accessible during critical period of language acquisition
Increased self-esteem and confidence due to Deaf Community
Children can build on ASL to learn
Cons to Bi-Bi Approach (ASL)
Limited data on student achievement
Limited number of signers, esp. in rural areas
If no fluent language model, Deaf children’s language won’t develop optimally or naturally
Deaf children using Bi-Bi lag behind in literacy skills
Pros to TC (Simultaneous)
Higher receptive English vocab
Doesn’t prevent use of speech
Cons to TC
Child may not develop a rich language base in either language
Pros to Aural/Oral Communication
Better literacy development
Speech intelligibility often better
Cons to Aural/Oral Communication
Relies heavily on early access
Relies heavily on parental involvement and modeling
T/F There is a standard definition of communication success by which we can evaluate a communication mode’s effectiveness.
Fase. There is no standard, which makes research and comparisons problematic.
When guiding a family through their decision regarding communication modes, it is important to be aware of your own __________.
Biases.
