2.1 Collect Contextual Data

Question 1

What scale of information resource is appropriate for the project?

Answer 1

10,000 acres for a master plan
10 acres for a commercial site
1/2 acre for a residence

Question 2

What phases of design do not need to be as precise in level of information?

Answer 2

Conceptual, master planning, and schematic level

Question 3

These maps were created to allow fire insurance companies to assess their total liability in urbanized areas of the United States. Since they contain detailed information about properties and individual buildings in approximately 12,000 U.S. cities and towns, these maps are valuable for documenting changes in the built environment of American cities over many decades

Answer 3

Sanborn Maps

Question 4

What are shown on topographic maps

Answer 4

-relief of the earth’s surface (ridges, valleys, elevations)
-other natural features (forests, streams, swamps)
-Physical changes to the earth’s surface wrought by man (buildings, roads, canals)
-spot elevations
contours

Question 5

Three elements topo maps are useful for determining regional drainage patterns?

Answer 5

slope, aspect, elevation

Question 6

Elements/ characteristics of Seismic Hazard Maps

Answer 6

• include some topo
• produced from aerial photos
• control points set with ground surveying
• not accurate for site work

Question 7

Elements of a site survey

Answer 7

• Property lines with bearings and distances
• Easements
• Visible utility structures
• Benchmark
• Spot elevations at building corners and hardscape features
• Floor elevations
• Spot elevations at the base of large trees
• Tree diameters
• Fences, walls, and other constructed site features

Question 8

Elements of a Site Survey

Answer 8

• Produced by surveyors on the ground using transits or digital theodolites
• Client instructs survey crew on critical elements to map and degree of accuracy required
• Common contour intervals from 1’ to 10’
• Elevations and horizontal measurements accurate to 1/100th of a foot (for hardscape elements)

Question 9

Elements of an Aerial Survey

Answer 9

• Similar to a site survey but produced from photogrammetric technology
• A few critical control points verified via ground survey
• Scale and contour interval can vary
• Accuracy not as good as a field survey
• Not as suitable for detailed site work as a field survey
• Site features that occur under tree canopies will not be mapped

Question 10

Elements of Lidar Survey

Answer 10

• Produced by a ground crew using a pole-mounted or drone-mounted LIDAR sensor
• Does not require clear lines of sight
• Can pick up excellent ground contours, outlines of structures and major tree locations
• Will not pick up flat hardscape surfaces or pavements

Question 11

Typical angle of repose for soils, sands, and gravels

Answer 11

25-45 deg

Question 12

Max low angle of repose for wet clay

Answer 12

15 deg

Question 13

_____ of soil particles into peds (clumps) in nature usually means that the natural angle of repose of soil on anatural landform will be steeper than that of the same loose (unaggregated) soil.

Def means groups of soil particles that bind to each other more strongly than to adjacent particles. The space between the aggregates provide pore space for retention and exchange of air and water

Answer 13

Aggregation