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WHAP Unit 1 > 2.1 > Flashcards

2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

neo-Confucianism

A

Confucianism w/ Buddhist/daoist influences revived during Song Dynasty

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2
Q

Zhoa Kuangyin

A

Unified China after Tang Dynasty, regional leader, created Song Dynasty

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3
Q

filial piety

A

the practice of honoring one’s ancestors. Trained China to honor the emperor. Correlates with Confucianism as a means of recreating the peaceful society before warring states period.

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4
Q

Tang Dynasty

A

Revived Confucianism from Han Dynasty, right before Song Dynasty,

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5
Q

Imperial Bureaucracy in China

A

Civil service exam, tens of thousands of staff memebers

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6
Q

Civil service exam

A

Needed to gain position in imperial bureaucracy, led to more efficient and competent bureaucracy, social mobility

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7
Q

Korea

A

Politically independent, tributary relationship w/ China,

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8
Q

Tributary relationship

A

Providing services, goods, products, military labour or labour to a civilization who dominates you

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9
Q

China’s influence on Korea

A

Confucianism in political structures, marginalized women, civil service exam for bureaucracy (mainly influenced elites)

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10
Q

Japan

A

separated from China by water, influences voluntarily allowed

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11
Q

China’s influence on Japan

A

Chinese Buddhism, Chinese writing system (mostly elites)

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12
Q

Vietnam

A

Champa rice, tributary relationship w/ China, politically independent, exalted women, female deities

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13
Q

China’s influence on Vietnam

A

Elites: Confucianism, Buddhism, Chinese literary techniques, civil service exam

Note: Confucianism w/o degrading women

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14
Q

Buddhism (original)

A

Started in India. Four Noble truths, the Eightfold Path, strictly atheistic

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15
Q

The Four Noble Truths

A

Life is suffering. We suffer because we crave. We stop suffering when we stop craving. The Eightfold Path leads to stopping suffering and craving.

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16
Q

Theravada Buddhism

A

Started in Sri Lanka. Confined to elites and monks, self-saving.

17
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

Started in East Asia. Available to everyone, idolized Buddha, emphasized compassion

18
Q

Tibetan Buddhism

A

Started in Tibet. Emphasized mystical practices like laying prostrate, elaborate images of deities.

19
Q

Taoism

A

Teaches that living beings should live in balance with nature and the universe

20
Q

Chinese Buddhism

A

Mixture of Taoism and Mahayana Buddhism

21
Q

How did Song Dynasty accumulate wealth?

A

Commercialization, steel/iron production, agricultural prosperity, transportation innovations

22
Q

Commercialization in China

A

The production of goods for distant markets. Resulted in paper money, credit systems, promissory notes, increased trade (wealth)

23
Q

Steel/Iron production in China

A

tools for agriculture, armor, coins

24
Q

Agricultural Prosperity in China

A

Provides for the most populous country in the world, excess of food to sell, population boom

25
Q

Champa Rice

A

Champa Kingdom in Vietnam. Could be harvested 2-3 times per year, drought resistant

26
Q

More food =

A

more babies

27
Q

Transportation Innovation in China

A

Grand Canal, magnetic compass, shipbuilding

28
Q

Grand Canal

A

Linked Yanzgi and Yellow Rivers, made trade/travel cheaper,

29
Q

Magnetic compass

A

improved naval navigation, facilitated sea based trade

30
Q

Shipbuilding in China

A

More trade, more accurate navigation. Watertight bulkheads, stern mounted rudders

31
Q

Song State Structure

A

Censorate
Finance
army
justice
personnel
public works
rites

32
Q

Effect of Chinese trade in Afro Eurasia

A

increasingly commercialized Chinese society, manufacturing flourished

33
Q

Chinese innovations

A

gunpowder: daoists trying to find the elixir of life. used for fireworks and displays, THEN military use

34
Q

WEALTH =

A

population + agricultural base + manufacturing

35
Q

UNITY in Song China =

A

language + Confucianism + culture

WHAP Unit 1 (10 decks)

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