2.1 - 1-6 Flashcards
What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon with single bonds only.
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon containing carbon to carbon multiple bonds.
What is an aliphatic hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains.
What is an alicyclic hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ringed structure.
What is a functional group?
The part of the organic molecule that it responsible for its chemical reactions.
What is a homologous series?
A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH₂.
What is nomenclature?
A system of naming compounds.
What is an alkyl group?
An alkane with a hydrogen atom removed.
Halogens alkane F
Fluoro-
Halogenoalkane Cl
Chloro-
Halogenoalkane Br
Bromo-
Halogenoalkane I
Iodo-
Aldehyde
-al -CHO
Ketone
-one C-CO-C
Carboxylic acid
-oic acid. -COOH
What is a general formula?
The simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
What is a displayed formula?
Shows the relative positioning of all the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them.
What is empirical formula?
The simplest whole ratio number of atoms of each element in a compound.
What is molecular formula?
The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound.
What is structural formula?
Show the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
What is skeletal formula?
A simplified organic formula, with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups.
What is a hydrocarbon?
Organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only.
